1. My Power Point Presentations are ONLINE! at: www.empyreanquest.com/perspectives.htm 1. Use internet Explorer. 2. A fast connection helps, as some of the art is in very large files. 3. Make sure you activate Active X --ignore warnings.

2. FROM NOTES: Newton's Accomplishments: 1. Observed first spectrum with prism. 2. Developed calculus to explain gravity and Kepler's planetary motion. 3. Developed his three 'laws' of motion. I. Objects continue at the same velocity, unless acted on by an unbalanced force. II. F = ma (Weight vs mass) III. For every force there is an equal and opposite force acting back on the actor. 4. The Universal Law of Gravitation F = G m 1 m 2 /d 2. Gravity is a weak force (balloon demo). 5. Tidal Force: a. Tides on earth oceans. b. can break apart satellites. 6. Orbits. 7.Center of Mass. 8.Reflecting (Newtonian) telescope with a mirror

3. Observed first spectrum of the sun with a prism Spectrum = spread of wavelengths of light

4. Developed calculus to explain gravity and Kepler's planetary motion

5. Newton’s three 'laws' of motion —they get at the cause of changes in motion: force. QuotesQuotes Q Quotes from Principia Mathematica:

7. 1 st Law : Objects continue at the same velocity, unless acted on by a net force. Velocity = speed plus direction Acceleration = rate of change of velocity

8. F= m a: force equals mass times acceleration

9. Mass is DIFFERENT from weight Weight is the force of gravity on an object = mg. Measured with a spring scale. Would be different on Mars or the Moon. Mass, m, is a measure of inertia and is the same throughout the universe. Measured with a balance anywhere, even on Mars or the Moon..

10. Newton’s Third Law: For every force there is an equal and opposite force acting back on the actor R g = - R b Every force has a ‘soulmate’!

11. The Universal Law of Gravitation F = G m 1 m 2 /d 2. Double the distance, ¼ the force. Gravity is a weak force (balloon demo). Dr. P. jumps off table, but doesn’t fall to center of the earth. Proving that electric force between his feet and the earth is stronger than gravity.

12. Cavendish Balance—measures the strength of gravity, Force between balls of mass m and M.

13. What is the direction of gravity? Taken at the Mystery Spot in Santa Cruz:

15. Christa MacCauliffe —teacher killed in first space shuttle disaster. Is she weightless on the space shuttle? No it is ‘apparent weightlessness.

16. Tidal Force: greater gravity tug on one side than another. Examples: a. Tides on earth’s oceans. b. can break apart satellites.

17. Miranda—moon of Uranus, broken up by tidal force or impact? Reformed by gravity.

18. To put something in orbit it must be going escape velocity. About 18,000 mph

19. Barycenter = Center of mass Used to calculate motions of collections of bodies.