1. Entre deaux Guerres Europe, 1919-1939 S. Dali, Persistence of Memory, 1931

2. Economic Problems High Taxes plus Hyperinflation U. S. is now world’s banker (links U. S. to Europe’s future) Material destruction: eastern France and Belgium largely destroyed—coal mines, factories, and farms.

3. “How I Saw the War” from Simplicissmus

4. 1920s Culture “Lost Generation”—T. S. Elliot, Thomas Mann, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence. Dada Surrealism Age of Anxiety; Anxiety of Meaninglessness Bauhaus School Relativity v. Relativism

5. Josephine Baker (Paris 1925-1946) Josephine Baker (Paris 1925-1946) F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda (Paris, Rome, 1926-31) Ernest Hemingway (Paris, 1921-28) The Expats

6. Social Problems Families destroyed France lost 20% of its male population aged 20-44. Germany lost 15% of military aged men. England lost 10% of military aged men. Women lost wartime jobs; suffrage movement continued

7. Women’s Suffrage in Europe Finland (1906) Norway (1913) Denmark and Iceland (1915) U. S. S. R and the Netherlands (1917) England, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Sweden (1918) Germany and Luxembourg (1919) Ireland (1922) Spain (1931) France (1944) Belgium, Italy, Romania, and Yugoslavia (1946) Switzerland (1971) Liechtenstein (1984)

8. Suffragists Emmeline Pankhurst Emily Davison, Epsom Derby 1913

9. 13 of 19 Finnish MPs in 1907

10. Political Problems Germany is still the most powerful country in Europe but Weimar Government enjoys little support. New countries in Eastern Europe are unstable and trade network along Danube falls victim to localism. Eastern agrarian economies can’t keep pace with western Europe. Socialists and Nationalists fight in the streets: failed right wing coup in Paris in 1934; Red Years in Italy (1919-1922); Freikorps vs. Communists in Weimar Germany.