2. WWhat are the 4 types of organic compounds? ›P›Proteins ›L›Lipids ›C›Carbohydrates ›N›Nucleic Acids WWhat do Proteins breakdown into? ›A›Amino Acids WWhat do Carbohydrates breakdown into? ›G›Glucose or simple sugars

4. Proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions

5. Synthesis +  +

6. +  +

7. subunits make up ORGANIC COMPOUNDS A string of glucose or  CARBOHYDRATE simple sugars or STARCH A string of amino acids  PROTEINS

9.  Identify many enzymes by the suffix –ase : › helicase (unzips DNA) › lactase (breaks down lactose) › peptidyl transferase (forms peptide bonds in polypeptides)

10. The material that the enzyme works on. (The starting material)

11. The special fold in the enzyme where the reaction happens. SHAPE MATTERS!!!

12.  While the enzyme and the substrate are joined, the enzyme converts the substrate to the products.  DIGESTION: Enzymes help to break the substrate down into smaller parts  SYNTHESIS: Enzymes build organic compounds from smaller subunits

13.  Temperature  pH These factors denature the enzyme (change its shape)!

14.  Rate of Enzyme Activity is influenced by: › Temperature (higher temperature = more activity until the enzyme’s protein denatures)  OPTIMAL temperature: temperature at which the enzyme works the best

15.  Rate of Enzyme Activity is influenced by: › pH (usually in range of 6-8 for humans) › Inhibitors (reduce activity by binding or changing shape of active sites) Acidic Stomach