1. Writing Processes

3. If you writing is filled with something like — weak ideas, poor reasoning, and lack of clarity,

4. Remember: your writing is not going to improve overnight, but it will, day by day, little by little, if you keep on practicing.

5. Step One: Prewriting/ Planning Aspects concerned: ideas, topic, purpose, audience Possible methods: –Get the ideas! (On my diary: The best way to get a good idea is to get a lot of ideas.) –Where can you get the ideas?

6. Step One: Prewriting/ Planning magazines/newspapers/p eriodicals/CD-ROM conduct an interview based on your topic media - radio, TV, Internet experiences film - movies and documentaries music visual art - observing or creating dreams memories discussion and brainstorming responding to literature role playing research imagination personal interest inventories class interest inventory other

7. Step One: Prewriting/ Planning Possible methods: –Try writing down something! How can you start prewriting?

8. Step One: Prewriting/ Planning –free writing –journalling –image streaming (transplant yourself to another place or time and describe from a first person point of view) –lists –visualization –brainstorming - individually or as a group –webbing/mapping/clustering –graphic organizers –topic or word chart

9. Step Two: Writing/drafting Aspects concerned: an outline to help you organize, an introduction to grab the attention of the audience, details that keep them interested, and a conclusion to end your writing For a story, it should have a beginning, middle, and end.

10. Step Two: Writing/drafting One reminder: –If you feel that you are lacking content, go back to your prewriting for more ideas and details.

11. Step Three: Revising Revising is... –making decisions about how you want to improve your writing –looking at your writing from a different point of view –picking places where your writing could be clearer, more interesting, more informative and more convincing. It ’ s the key to progress in writing.

12. Step Three: Revising Tips: try A.R.M.S. –A: add –R: remove –M: move around –S: substitute

13. Step Three: Revising Can you read it out loud without stumbling? Is the series of events logical? Do they relate? Is it clear what your goal or your main character's goal is throughout the piece of writing? Are vivid/descriptive words used to describe characters and/or events? Is your train of thought clear? Are there any tangents?

14. Step Three: Revising Do you use a variety of verbs throughout the piece? (Something instead of "SAID") Is it wordy and redundant? Are you using the same words and phrases over and over again? Is there a catchy introduction? Does the conclusion leave the reader thinking? Do supporting details support only the topic sentence of that paragraph?

15. Step Three: Revising Are transitional devices used throughout? Is there a strong hook, thesis and lead-in? Is proper format followed throughout? Are all sentences complete or are there sentence fragments? Is a vivid mental picture created in the reader's mind? Have you completed sentence expansion where necessary? (NO "HE RAN!")

16. Step Four: Editing Editing is... –spelling –capitalization –punctuation –grammar –sentence structure –subject/verb agreement –consistent verb tense –word usage

17. Step Four: Editing Read your own work backwards. Read the last sentence, then the second last sentence, etc. Does each sentence make sense when you read it on it's own? Do you see or hear any errors in the sentence?

18. Step Five: Publishing Do your best and pray for a good score! :p

19. Let ’ s brainstorm on writing in an exam

20. Things to consider: Possible steps: