1. Comma Rule #4

2. Essential = Important or a “must have” Sun Water Shelter Heat Electricity

3. Nonessential = Not important, do not HAVE to have

4. Comma Rule #4: Set off nonessential(=extra information) in the middle of a sentence These are generally called the appositives. Example of Appositives: 1. Ms. West, the teacher next door, is the softball coach. – Phrase 2. The dentist, who practiced his trade often, was a little nervous about his new patient.—Clause Example of other Interrupters 3. The new student, Mark, participated in class the first day.—Word 4. The best player, in my opinion, is Roberto. -- phrase

5. Adjective clauses modify/describe nouns and pronouns. These clauses start with the pronouns: that, which, who, whom, or whose –Nonessential: The Wizard of Oz, which I saw last night, is my favorite movie. –Essential: The dress that I made has been sold.

6. Adverb clauses modify/describe verbs, an adjectives, or adverbs. These clauses start with: A WHITE BUS conjunctions A after, although, as W when, where, while H how I if, in order T than, that, though E even B because, before U unless, until S since, so Nonessential: When I run, even after the sun goes down, I like to wear sunglasses. Essential: The test was difficult since I did not study.

7. Comma Rule 4 Practice Write the sentence correctly. Insert commas when needed. 1. Allie the one who’s laughing wants her mother to swim with her.

8. Comma Rule 4 Practice 1. Allie, the one who’s laughing, wants her mother to swim with her.

9. Comma Rule 4 Practice 2. Parents who know how to swim can join the group.

10. Comma Rule 4 Practice 2.Parents who know how to swim can join the group. Correct as is Watch out for phrases that start with who or that  you must decide if it is essential, or important to meaning, or not Essential = no commas Nonessential = commas needed

11. Comma Rule 4 Practice 3. No Ben you may not wander around the room.

12. Comma Rule 4 Practice 3. No, Ben, you may not wander around the room.

13. Comma Rule 4 Practice 4. You don’t need a highlighter however if you decide to underline the words with a pencil.

14. Comma Rule 4 Practice 4. You don’t need a highlighter, however, if you decide to underline the words with a pencil.

15. On your own GUM p. 224 Highlight final commas

16. Practice: Lang. p. 344-345 Ex. 6 and 7 Follow the directions in the book GUM 223 and 224