1. Foreign Policy Eisenhower through the Fall of Saigon

2. Cold War Reasons for tension? –Second-front delay –Soviet desire to protect Western border –Insistence by Western allies on free elections –Soviet military position at Yalta –Atomic bomb

3. Methods by which CW fought Threats Arms race Espionage Economic and military aid Limited wars Peacetime alliances

4. U.S. Policy to handle perceived Soviet threat? Containment: Truman –Truman Doctrine –Marshall Plan –NATO –Significance of Election of 1948? Crises –Berlin June 1948-May 1949 National Security Act 1947: Dep. Of Defense, CIA, NSC-68

5. How does Eisenhower deal with the following things? --John Foster Dulles and “brinkmanship” --Guatemala --Iran: Mossadeq and the Shah --French Indochina/Dien Bien Phu --Egypt and Nassar --Khrushchev and his visit to the U.S. How does Kennedy deal with the following things: --military spending (ICBMs, etc.) --Cuba: Bay of Pigs and Castro --Cuban Missile Crisis

6. Eisenhower “Brinkmanship” End cold war or at least relax tensions abroad, but not at home! –Hydrogen bomb 1952 –Advisor Dulles and “Massive retaliation” Crises –Korea –Covert Operations: Guatemalan Guzman overthrown by CIA in 1954 (Operation PBSUCCESS), Overthrow of anti- Western Mossadeq and replacement of Iran Shah 1953 (Operation Ajax)

7. Shah Palahvi and his wife, John Foster Dulles, and Jacobo Arbenz Guzman

8. Eisenhower, cont’d French Indochina: Dien Bien Phu falls, 1954, Geneva Conference 17 th parallel, Ngo Dinh Diem, Viet Cong, Ho Chi Minh Hungarian Revolution 1956 Middle East –Suez Canal, Aswan Dam, role of USSR/Britain/France, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Eisenhower Doctrine

9. Fall of Dien Bien Phu, 1954

10. New Hope: Peaceful Coexistence Soviet Leader: Khrushchev, attempts at arms control, Sputnik Khrushchev’s visit U2 Incident

11. Eisenhower Doctrine: U.S. will use force ANYWHERE in the Middle East against “aggression from any country controlled by international communism.” (Really just reiterated CONTAINMENT POLICY.)

12. Kennedy: Flexible Response Tactics: ICBMs, conventional weapons, special forces: $6 Billion jump in spending OAS, Alliance for Progress, Peace Corps Crises –Berlin August 1961 –Bay of Pigs April 1961 –Missile Crisis October 1962: arms race escalation –Vietnam

13. Berlin, August 1961

14. Bay of Pigs Invasion, 1961

15. Cuban Missile Crisis: October 1962

16. Johnson Upheld previous policies Crises –Canal Zone rioting 1965 –Dominican Republic 20,000 Marines sent –Vietnam –Six Day War

25. Operation Babylift: April 1975 Plane crash The first military evacuation flight, a C-5A Galaxy cargo plane loaded with over 300 crew, children and adult escorts, experienced an "explosive rapid decompression" about 40 miles (64 km) outside Saigon when the rear ramp and pressure door blew out through the rear of the aircraft (due to a lock failure) and was forced to return to Tan Son Nhut with no flight controls to the tail, and only limited roll control.explosive rapid decompression The plane could not reach the airport; but instead crash-landed, at about 270 knots (500 km/h), two miles (3 km) away into a field of flooded rice paddies, killing 138 people, including 127 of the orphans. However, over half of the passengers survived the crash. Most of the infants and adults in the upper deck areas survived. Those in the lower decks, including most of the adult "chaperones", "non-essential" members of the Defence Attache's Office (mainly administrative staff), did not. News of the plane crash brought widespread attention and sympathy toward the operation and the evacuees in the U.S. and other nations.