1. Chapter 50

2.  Ecology – study of the relationship between organisms and their living and nonliving environment  Biotic factors – living factors ▪ Predators, prey, competitors, parasites, mutualism, etc  Abiotic factors – nonliving factors ▪ Precipitation, soil type/rocks, temperature, wind, sunlight, altitude

3.  Population  Community  Ecosystem  Biosphere  Atmosphere  Ecosphere  Hydrosphere  Lithosphere

4.  Large areas (ecosystems) of the earth with typical types of organisms  They are determined primarily by temp & water availability

10.  Ocean currents can make areas near them warmer or colder than other parts of the world at same latitude  Rainshadow effect  Moist air from ocean rises up the mountains and cools – rain falls  Drier air then passes over the mountains and warms as it falls – absorbing moisture  Areas inland from the mountains are drier – (rainshadow) – lack of rain

12.  Tundra  Taiga  Temperature Deciduous Forest  Grassland  Desert  Chaparral  Tropical Rainforest  Estuary  Coral Reef