1. Abraham/Ibrahim Fragmentary narrative scattered across 25 suras of Qur’an Abraham as hanifan musliman = one inclining from another religion to Islam (Qur’an 3: 67)

2. Abraham’s conversion (Qur’an 6: 74-82) Conflict with idolaters (Qur’an 21: 51-73) Recalling Biblical stories: Covenant (e.g. Qur’an 2: 124, 260 (recalling Gen 15: 9-21)); Sodom and Gomorrah (Qur’an 11: 74-83)

3. Sacrifice of Abraham (Qur’an 37: 100-13) Isaac born after the sacrifice, so who is the sacrificed son? Choice of Isma‘il/ Ishmael due to Arab audience, or due to his being Abraham’s only son at time (Gen 22: 2)?

4. Sacrifice of Abraham (Qur’an 37: 100-13) Location: on hill of Marwah near Mecca (Perceived Jewish error in reference to “Land of Moriah” in Gen 22: 4) Story as basis of ‘Id al-Adha (starting 10th Dhu’l-Hijja, one of two major feasts). Other feast is ‘Id al-Fitr (1st Shawwal)

5. Abraham and Ishmael building Ka‘ba (Qur’an 2: 125-29) Claiming the site for Islam Looking backwards and forwards

6. The Book of Abraham? (Qur’an 87: 18-19; 53: 37-54) Abraham - ? Moses - Torah David - Psalms Jesus - Gospel Muhammad - Qur’an