2. Unit 3 Science versus nature 高二牛津版模块五 Reading

3. Dolly Lead-in

4. clone Brainstorming gene genetic cell embryo organ sheep mammal tissue stem cell biology

5. Anti-cloning Read the text and answer the following questions. 1.Does the article give an anti- or pro-cloning point of view, or both? 2. What was the name of the first cloned mammal? 3. Is Pauline Carter pro-or anti-cloning? Both Dolly

6. Listen to the text and find out the main idea of each paragraph. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 An announcement about the first cloned human embryo caused much debate. The first cloned mammal was Dolly. Ian Wilmut is shocked that some scientists are considering cloning human beings.

7. Para 4 Para 5 Para 6 A woman wants to have a cloned baby. Cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, but some scientists still want to clone human beings. Chinese scientists continue to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.

8. True or False 1. People all over the world are happy about the idea of cloning human beings. 2. Dolly, the first cloned mammal, is exactly the same as other sheep. 3. According to the article, the scientist who created Dolly does not agree with cloning human beings. F F T

9. 4. Cloning can be used to cure diseases because it can produce new tissues and organs. 5. Colin Jake is against cloning humans, just like Pauline Carter. 6. Cloning human beings is illegal in many countries, so no scientists want to clone human beings. T F F

10. Find the reasons why people are pro-or anti-cloning in the article and letters and write them down. Pro-cloningAnti-cloning produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human lives may produce a real-life Frankenstein’s monster

11. Pro-cloningAnti-cloning cure diseases like cancer help those who are unable to have children help those who want to clone their dead children create more diseases in the animal world cloning shows no respect for human life human life would no longer be unique

12. Pro-cloningAnti-cloning we should be having fewer babies in order to reduce Earth’s population, not cloning more

13. Reading comprehension: 1.The announcement of successful human embryo cloning has caused much debate because________. A. people still have no clear idea about the results of human cloning B. valuable tissues and organs can be used to save humans C. mankind is going to produce terrible monsters D. people know that nature will punish mankind for human cloning A

14. 2.The success of the cloned sheep Dolly has proved that_________. A. cloning will create more diseases in animal world B. cloned animals will die at a much younger age than normal C. man has been able to produce an exact copy from an adult cell D. man can interfere with nature at his will C

15. 3. According to the passage, what is the real intention of Ian Wilmut’s cloning research? _______ A. To create copies of humans in the end. B. To destroy human embryos in the end. C. To create new tissues or organs for sale. D. To cure deadly diseases eventually. D

16. 4. How does a woman who cannot give a birth benefit from cloning?_____ A. She can have a baby by using another woman’s egg. B. She can have a baby genetically related to her. C. She can adopt someone else’s child by cloning. D. She can have more children. B

17. 5. What can we infer from the whole passage? A. Cloning animals is illegal in Italy. _____ B. Chinese scientists are trying to benefit mankind by using cloning technology. C. Chinese scientists want to be the first to clone a human baby. D. Colin Jake agrees with the scientists who don’t want to clone a human baby. B

18. Reading strategy Go through the reading strategy, and find out how to work out the meaning of these scientific terms. Step1 Begin by reading the first and last paragraphs for an idea of what the article is about.

19. Step2 Step3 Circle any words you do not know. Question things you do not understand or that do not appear to make sense. Read through the article a few times, and make sense of the scientific terms upon further readings.

20. Match the words with their correct meanings. 1. an important development 2. human beings 3. help a woman or a female animal to give birth to a baby mankind breakthrough desperate adopt deliver totally consequences advances deliver breakthrough mankind

21. 5. legally become the parents of somebody else’s child 6. progress 7. completely 8. the results of an action 4. feeling that you have little hope and will do anything to get what you want desperate totally consequences advances adopt

22. Part E Check the answers E/ 1 cloning 2 cell 3 successfully 4 immoral 5 right 6 consequences 7 younger 8 humans 9 laws 10 Italian

23. Language points

24. 1. versus prep. 今天的拳击比赛是泰森对刘易斯。 ( 诉讼、运动等中的 ) 对 Today’s boxing game is Tyson versus Louise. 常缩写为 vs.

25. On the one hand, rapid development of the economy will improve the living conditions of the people. On the other hand it will speed up environmental destruction. 一方面经济的迅速发展会改善人们的生活状 况, 另一方面它会加速环境的破坏。 2. on (the) one hand, on the other hand 一方面 …… ，另一方面 …… 如：

26. 3. adopt “ 收养，领养 ” 。 如： He adopted the orphan. 他收养了那孤儿。 此外， adopt 还有 “ 采纳，采用 ” 的意 思。如： Can a school adopt the policy prohibiting the use of mobile phones on campus? 学校能采纳禁止在学校 使用手机的政策吗 ?

27. adopt a child 领养孩子 采用新技术 adopt a new technique 采纳意见 adopt an idea/ opinion There are many English words ________ from foreign countries. adopted

28. 4. be related to “ 与 …… 关联， 与 …… 有联系 ” 如： In his essay, the author writes about how art is related to culture. 作者在论文里阐述了艺术与文化的联 系。

29. 5. interfere vi. 干涉，干预, 妨碍，打扰 I shall go tomorrow, if nothing interferes. 如果没有妨碍，我明天就走。 It’s unwise to interfere between husband and wife. 介入夫妻间的纠纷是不明智的。

30. interfere with 干涉，妨碍 Don’t interfere with him. 别打扰他。 Nothing will interfere with our friendship. 没有什么可以妨碍我们的友谊。 别发出噪音, 这样会妨碍我们的学习。 Don’t make any noise, which will interfere with our studies. Don’t interfere with my computer. 不要摆弄我的电脑。

31. interfere in 干涉 ; 干预 The USA has no right to interfere in other countries’ affairs. 不要干预明星的私人生活。 Don’t interfere in the private lives of pop stars. 美国无权干涉别国内政。

32. 6. clone vt./ n. 克隆 The sheep Dolly was cloned from adult cells. It was Ian Wilmut who cloned the sheep Dolly. It was the first cloned mammal in the World. Cloning human beings has caused ethical problems. This computer is just an IBM clone. 名词 : 仿制品

33. 7. praise n./v. 称赞；赞扬，表扬 He won praises for his modesty. The headmaster gave a speech in praise of my class. = The headmaster praised my class in the form of a speech. 这位科学家的对胚胎和干细胞的研究受到 了高度赞扬。 The scientist was highly praised for his research on embryos and stem cells.

34. 8. desperate adj. I am desperate for a cup of tea. 我极想喝一杯茶。 He is desperate to make money. 他不顾一切地去赚钱 。 a desperate look/cry a desperate illness a desperate situation a desperate criminal 绝望的表情 绝症 危险境地 铤而走险的罪犯

35. 9. deliver deliver letters 分发信件 deliver a message deliver a speech deliver sb. from danger deliver oneself to (the police) ( 向警察 ) 自首 deliver the goods 交货

36. Her baby was delivered by an experienced doctor. She was delivered of a healthy Baby. 她的孩子是一个有经验的医生接生的。 她生了一个健康的孩子。

37. 10. benefit Do you think clone is of benefit to human beings? Was he doing that for my benefit? 他那样做是为我好吗？ Benefit: (1).vt. 对 … 有利 The measures benefit public affairs. (2). vi. 得益，受益 He is a person who has never benefited from experience. 他是一个从不吸取经验教训的人。 =is beneficial to

38. 11. advance Science has made great advances in the last fifty years. 进步 With the advance of winter, the days grow shorter. 前进 in advance 预先，事先 You must pay 100 yuan in advance. advanced English 高级英语 advanced technology 先进技术

39. 12. succeed v. success n. successful adj. He has succeeded in his business. The firefighters succeeded in saving all the people trapped in the building. His speech was a success. =His speech was successful.

40. 13. be strict with sb You seem too strict with your children. 你对小孩子们似乎太严厉了。 be strict in sth/ doing sth He is very strict in observing the regulations. 他在遵守规章方面很严格。

41. 14. end up If he goes on doing that kind of thing, he will end up in prison. Every time she tried to argue with her husband, she ended up crying her eyes out. end up with 以 … 而结束 end in 结果为 … ，终成，终归，终于 The match ended in a draw. We ended the dinner up with fruit.

42. Discussion 1.Is the writer for or against cloning? 2.What’s your opinion about cloning human beings? 3.What’s “the perfect copy”? Do you think there will be a perfect copy?

43. Homework 1. Read the text again and try to find out the sentences that are difficult for you. 2. If you had the right, what would you like to clone? Why? Please write a short passage (100 words or so).