1. Tasha, Heather and Nikki
Ovaries
Tasha, Heather and Nikki

2. Topics Intro Location Hormones secreted
Target cells affected by hormones
Feedback
Complication due to damage of the ovaries

3. Introduction – what are the ovaries?
The essential part of a woman’s reproductive system
Responsible for giving a woman all of her secondary sex characteristics
Allow women to become pregnant
Storage of the eggs

4. Location of the Ovaries
Two almond shaped glands
Located just underneath the ends of the fallopian tubes
are placed on either side of the uterus

5. Hormones Secreted Estrogen – Steroidal hormone
Progesterone – Steroidal hormone
Each of the hormones are constantly being produced.

6. Estrogen
Promote the development of female secondary sex characteristics,
Thickening of the endometrium
Regulating menstrual cycle
Decelerate height growth
Reduce muscle mass
Thicken the vaginal wall
Accelerate metabolism
While estrogens are present in both men and women, they are usually present at significantly higher levels in women of reproductive age. They promote the development of female secondary sex characteristics, such as breasts, and are also involved in the thickening of the endometrium and other aspects of regulating the menstrual cycle. In males, estrogen regulates certain functions of the reproductive system important to the maturation of sperm[4][5][6] and may be necessary for a healthy libido.[7][8] Furthermore, there are several other structural changes induced by estrogen in addition to other functions. In dentistry, it reduces hyperkeratinization of the gingiva and increase vascular permeability, exudation, and edema.[citation needed]
Structural
promote formation of female secondary sex characteristics
decelerate height growth[9]
accelerate metabolism (burn fat)
reduce muscle mass
stimulate endometrial growth
increase uterine growth
increase vaginal lubrication
thicken the vaginal wall
maintenance of vessel and skin
reduce bone resorption, increase bone formation
morphic change (endomorphic -> mesomorphic -> ectomorphic

7. Target Cells of Estrogen
mammary gland, uterus, brain
Uterus – thickens the inner wall of the uterus (endometrium)
stimulates the glands of the cervix to secrete a particular type of mucus to allow transportation of the sperm to the uterus
Mammary glands – stimulates the production and secretion of milk
Brain – is responsible for the way women think and act differently from men

8. Feedback

9. Progesterone Involved in maintaining pregnancy
Helps prepare the body for conception
Plays a role in sexual desire
Causes the endometrium to secrete special proteins during the second half of the menstrual cycle
Encourages the growth of milk producing glands in the breast during pregnancy
Partly responsible for symptoms of PMS
One of progesterone's most important functions is to cause the endometrium to secrete special proteins during the second half of the menstrual cycle, preparing it to receive and nourish an implanted fertilized egg. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop, the endometrium breaks down and menstruation occurs.
If a pregnancy occurs, progesterone is produced in the placenta, and levels remain elevated throughout the pregnancy. The combination of high estrogen and progesterone levels suppress further ovulation during pregnancy. Progesterone also encourages the growth of milk-producing glands in the breast during pregnancy.
High progesterone levels are believed to be partly responsible for symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), such as breast tenderness, feeling bloated and mood swings. When you skip a period, it could be because of failure to ovulate and subsequent low progesterone levels.

10. Target Cells of Progesterone
Uterus – secretions of the proteins, prepares it for conception
Mammary Glands – promotes growth of the glands
Brain – keeps desires high

11. Feedback

12. Complications due to Damages of the Ovary
Inability to become pregnant
All or the secondary sex characteristics would become less visible
Menstrual cycle would stop