3. Body’s main energy source 2 types –Simple (sugars) –Complex (starches) Found in: –Sugar, candy, juice (simple) –Bread, pasta, cereal, etc. (complex) 4 calories/g About 130g required per day

4. Used to make and repair tissue Makes new chemicals, cells etc. Sometimes used for energy 2 types –Complete (all required amino acids) –Incomplete (only some required amino acids) Found in: –Milk, eggs, meat (complete) –Beans, vegetables (incomplete) 4 calories/g About 46~56g required per day Broken down into amino acids

5. Stored for backup energy Provides insulation Helps transport vitaminsvitamins 3 types –Unsaturated fat (good for the heart; healthy) –Saturated fat (raise cholesterol; unhealthy) –Trans fat (artificial; very unhealthy) Found in: –Fish, plants, oils (unsaturated) –Meat, dairy (saturated) –Margarine, snack foods, fried foods (trans) 9 calories/g Makes up about 30% of calories per day

6. Indigestible plant matter Absorbs substances in digestive system 2 types –Soluble (lowers cholesterol) –Insoluble (absorbs water to prevent constipation) Found in almost all fruits, vegetables, grain etc. 2 calories/g About 25~38g required per day

7. Organic compounds taken in small amounts Help with many small tasks in the body 2 main types –Water-soluble (move through bloodstream) Vitamin B (found in unprocessed foods; aids metabolism) Vitamin C (found in fruits and vegetables; heals cuts) –Fat-soluble (stored in fat) Vitamin A (found in orange/green vegetables; aids eyesight) Vitamin D (found in dairy, eggs and fish; helps bones grow) Vitamin E (found in grains, fish and vegetables; heals tissue) Vitamin K (found in dairy and vegetables; stops bleeding)

8. Inorganic material taken in small amounts Help with many small tasks in the body 2 main types –Macrominerals Calcium (found in dairy and vegetables; strengthens bones) Sodium (salt; regulates water in body) Potassium (found in fruits, vegetables, beans; aids nervous system ) –Trace minerals Iron (found in meat, eggs, vegetables, grains; transports oxygen in blood) Zinc (found in meat and beans; aids immune system)

9. Keeps body hydrated, preventing illness Used in chemical reactions Transports nutrients Provides insulation Found in almost all liquids and most food 0 calories/g About 2.7~3.7L required per day Body is 55~78% water

10. http://en.wikipedia.org http://simple.wikipedia.org http://kidshealth.org