1. 1776-1783 Mr. Violanti, Fall 2015

2. 1. Taxation without Representation: Colonists want a voice in English Parliament if they pay taxes. (Consent of the Goverened) 2. Boston Tea Party: Sons of Liberty dumped tea into the Boston Harbor to protest Tax. Leads to the “Intolerable Acts” 3. Intolerable Acts: punished Massachusetts. Closed Port of Boston, sent in British troops to patrol. 4. Thomas Paine: author who wrote to persuade independence.

3. 5. Common Sense: Pamphlet by Thomas Paine, influenced independence. 6. Declaration of Independence: Jefferson’s work which declared the colonies to be free of England. (Locke, natural rights) 7. George Washington: commander in chief of continental army. 8. Saratoga: Turning Point of Revolution. French join our side after this win. 9. Yorktown: British and Cornwallis surrender to US Forces. Ends Revolution.

4. 10. Treaty of Paris, 1783: Ends Revolution. England recognizes independence of the US. Sets boundary as Canada, Florida, Mississippi River. 11. Articles of Confederation: First constitution of the USA. Goes into effect in 1781. FAILS. 12. Northwest Ordinance: sets development of frontier. Sets guidelines for statehood and prohibits slavery.

5.  England needed $ to pay for F/I War.  1764: Sugar Act  1765: Stamp Act  1765: Townshend Acts  Rise of Patrick Henry, Sam Adams (S.O.L.)  1770: Boston MassacreBoston Massacre  1773: Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party  Thomas Paine: “Common Sense”  1775: Lexington/Concord  Shot heard round the world.round the world  1776: Declaration of Independence

10.  1.England’s Neglect of the Colonies (P)  King George III, little interest in colonies. King George  2. Taxation without Representation* (E)  3.Limitation of Individual Rights (S)  Writs of Assistance (S&S)  4.Mercantilism (E)  5.Trade Restrictions (E) No more kings

11.  Adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4 th, 1776.  Declared us “free and independent country” from England.  Thomas Jefferson, ideas from John Locke.  CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED.

12.  “…We pledge our lives, our fortune, and our sacred honor…” Who were they?Who were they? Declaration

13.  United States of America – 2.5 million  Great Britain—8 million

14.  Patriots: (Whigs) Supported the War  Loyalists: (Tories) against independence ARMIES  Contintental Army : 18,500 troops + French Troops (8,500) plus militia  British Army: 50,000 troops + German “Hessians” (30,000) + Loyalists (50,000)

15.  United States  General George Washington  Benedict Arnold, Horatio Gates  French: Marquis deLafayette

16.  Oustanding leadership of Washington  Motivation for freedom  Fighting on Home Ground  Superior Rifles (Sharpshooters)

17.  Military Power, “Greatest Army in the world”  Population advantage  Support of Native Americans

18.  American: Inexperience, no money, shortages of food, weapons, men.  British: No motivation, 3000 miles from home, huge amount of land to fight enemy.

19. LLexington/Concord : STARTED THE REVOLUTION. “Shot heard round the world.” BBunker Hill : (Breed’s Hill) Don’t shoot until you see the white’s of their eyes!! SSaratoga : TURNING POINT. French join us after this victory in New York. YYorktown: British Surrender in 1781, war ends and the United States is born. “The World Turned Upside Down” Revolution starts

21.  Give United States of America Freedom from Great Britain  Establishes border as the Atlantic Ocean, Mississippi River, and Great Lakes.

22.  Great Britain recognizes the US as an independent nation.  Ideas of Revolution spread to other parts of the world. (France)  Native Americans pushed further West. Iroquois Nation destroyed.  US forms a new government, headed by the Articles of Confederation. (weak Central Government)