1. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 1 cdma2000 Reverse Link

2. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 2 Section Introduction Reverse Link Channels –Pilot Channel –Enhanced Access Channel –Common Control Channel –Fundamental and Supplemental Channels Reverse Radio Configurations Reverse Link Characteristics Inter-frequency Hard Handoffs RL Power Control

3. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 3 Reverse CDMA Channels

4. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 4 cdma2000 Reverse Channels R-CPHCH Reverse Common Physical Channel R-ACH*Reverse Access Channel R-EACHReverse Enhanced Access Channel * Backward Compatible Channel Reverse Common Control ChannelR-CCCH

5. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 5 RL Radio Configurations * Maximum data rate for a single Supplemental Channel ** Radio Configuration 1 and 2 correspond to TIA/EIA-95-B RS 1 and RS 2

6. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 6 Reverse Link Characteristics Channels are primarily code multiplexed –Separate channels used for different QoS and physical layer characteristics Transmission is continuous to avoid EMI issues Code Multiplexed channels are orthogonalized by Walsh functions and I/Q split so that performance is equivalent to BPSK Hybrid Combination of QPSK and Pi/2 BPSK –By restricting alternate phase changes of the complex scrambling sequence, power peaking is reduced (1 dB improvement) and side lobes are narrowed Code multiplexed channels –Walsh Sequence separate physical channels Forward Error Correction –Convolutional codes (K=9) are used for voice and data –Parallel Turbo Codes (K=4) are used for high data rates on Supplemental Fast Reverse Power Control –800 Hz update rate Frame Lengths –5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms and 80 ms frames

7. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 7 Reverse Pilot Channel The Reverse Pilot Channel is transmitted when Enhanced Access Channel, Common Control Channel, or the Reverse Traffic Channel with Radio Configuration 3 through 6 is enabled. The Reverse Pilot Channel is also transmitted during Enhanced Access Channel preamble, Common Control Channel preamble, or the Reverse Traffic Channel preamble. Pilot reference level varies across Radio Configurations.

8. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 8 Enhanced Access Channel The R-EACH is used by the MS to initiate communication with the BS or respond to a MS directed message The R-EACH can be used in three possible modes: Basic Access Mode, Power Control Access Mode, and Reservation Access Mode. –Basic Access Mode: preamble + data (No header) –Power Control Access Mode: preamble + header + data –Reservation Access Mode: preamble + header (data is sent on the Reverse Common Control Channel) Frame length –5 ms frame for header –5 ms, 10 ms, or 20 ms for data

9. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 9 Enhanced Access Channel Probe Structure

10. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 10 Enhanced Access Channel Preamble

11. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 11 Reverse Common Control Channel The R-CCCH is used for the transmission of user and signaling information to the BS when Reverse Traffic Channels are not in use. Up to 32 R-CCCH per supported F-CCCH and up to 32 R-CCCH per supported F-CACH Structure similar to Reverse Dedicated Channel –No FL power control puncturing on pilot Access probes are staggered in time (5 ms) – Reduces delay –Multiple MS can be simultaneously captured by receiver Frame length: 20 ms, 10 ms, or 5 ms

12. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 12 Preamble and Data Transmission for the R-CCCH

13. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 13 Preamble for the R-CCCH

14. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 14 R-CCCH Performance

15. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 15 R-CCCH Performance (Cont.)

16. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 16 R-CCCH Performance (Cont.)

17. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 17 R-CCCH Performance (Cont.)

18. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 18 Reverse Dedicated Control Channel (R-DCCH) The R-DCCH is used for transmission of user and signaling information to the base station during a call The R-DCCH frame structure is shown in the following table:

19. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 19 R-DCCH Structure RC 3 RC 4

20. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 20 Power Control Sub-channel

21. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 21 Reverse Supplemental Channel Up to 2 Supplemental Channels are possible Applies only to Radio Configuration 3 to 6 Turbo coding may be used for Radio Configuration 3 to 6 Supports 20 ms, 40 ms, and 80 ms frames Reverse Supplemental Channel physical layer frame structure There are always 8 reserved/tail bits CRC length is 16 bits for 360 or more bits/frame Reserved bit is included if rate is an IS-95 rate

22. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 22 R-FCH and R-SCH Structure for RC 3

23. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 23 Reverse Link I and Q Mapping for RC 3 and 4

24. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 24 Signal Constellation Before Spreading RC 3 and Above (R-PICH, R-DCCH, R-SCH2) RC 3 and Above (R-FCH, and R-SCH 1) I Q

25. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 25 HPSK/ OCQPSK Hybrid PSK (HPSK)/Orthogonal Complex QPSK (OCQPSK) –Reduces Peak-to-average ratio –Reduces linearity requirements of the PA

26. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 26 I and Q Mapping for SR 3

27. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 27 Long Code Generator for SR 3 The I long code generator for SR 3 consists of three multiplexed components: –The first component is the I long code for SR 1 –The second component is the modulo-2 addition of the I long code and the I long code delayed by 1/1.2288  s –The third component is the modulo-2 addition of the I long code and the I long code delayed by 2/1.2288  s The chip rate of the long code is 3.6864 Mcps

28. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 28 Example R-FCH and R-SCH (RC 3)

29. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 29 Example FCH and SCH Numerology (RC 3)

30. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 30 Example R-FCH and R-SCH (RC 6)

31. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 31 Example R-FCH and R-SCH Numerology (RC 6)

32. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 32 Illustration of Reverse Link Operation

33. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 33 Traffic Channel Initialization

34. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 34 Reverse Pilot Gating Used when the mobile station is in control hold to reduce battery consumption

35. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 35 Reverse Pilot Gating during R-DCCH Transmission (5 ms Frame) Note that during a R-DCCH transmission the power control rate remains the same Why? The base station does not know that the mobile station is transmitting on the R-DCCH

36. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 36 Reverse Pilot Gating during R-DCCH Transmission (20 ms Frame)

37. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 37 RL Open Loop Power Control Reverse link power control is based on and referenced to the Pilot Channel The initial transmission on the Reverse Pilot Channel when transmitting Reverse Traffic Channel with RC 3, 4, 5, or 6 Where interference correction = min(max(IC_THRESs - ECIO,0),7), and ECIO is the E c /I o (dB) per carrier of the strongest active set pilot, measured within the previous 500 ms. RL_GAIN_ADJ is sent in the Extended Channel Assignment Message (ECAM)

38. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 38 Open Loop Power Offsets

39. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 39 RL Power Control After the first valid power control bit is received, the mean pilot output power is defined by

40. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 40 RC1 and 2 Versus RC3 and Above Power Control With RC1 and RC1 –The base station estimates the E/N 0 using 6 consecutive Walsh functions transmitted by the MS –The E/N 0 estimate is then compared to a threshold to determine the sign of the power control bit With RC3 and above –The base station filters the pilot channel to obtain an E/N 0 estimate –The E/N 0 estimate is then compared to a threshold to determine the sign of the power control bit The RC3 type power control –Is a constant 800 bps –Is independent of data rate except when gating modes are used

41. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 41 RL Closed Loop Power Control The MS adjusts its mean output power based on the valid power control bit received on the F-FCH or F-DCCH 0.25 dB, 0.5 dB, and 1.0 dB power control step sizes are supported –The MS is required to support a 1.0 dB stepsize –If the MS supports the R-SCH, then it must support a 0.5 dB stepsize The MS is told the stepsize in the Power Control Message (PCNM)

42. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 42 RL Code Channel Output Power (RC 3, 4, 5, or 6) Nominal_Attribute_Gain is a table stored in the MS Attribute_Adjustment_Gain permits the table to be updated via the PCNM (Power Control Message) Reverse_Channel_Adjustment permits the gain for a particular channel to be updated via the PCNM Multiple_Channel_Adjustment handles variations due to various pilot setpoints RLGAIN_TRAFFIC_PILOT is an overhead parameter used to adjust the traffic to pilot ratios RLGAIN_SCH_PILOT is parameter in certain messages to adjust traffic to pilot ratios

43. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 43 Multiple Channel Adjustment Goal is to make the Fundamental Channel output power constant

44. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 44 RL Nominal Attribute Gain(1/2)

45. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 45 RL Nominal Attribute Gain(2/2)

46. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 46 Transmitter Filter 1X Filter3X Filter

47. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 47 cdma2000 1X Spectra

48. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 48 cdma2000 3X Spectra

49. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 49 1X and 3X Emissions

50. Section 3:cdma2000 Reverse Link 50 Coupling 1X and 3X Together It has been proposed to couple 1X reverse link with 3X forward link –MC forward link can be sent through different power amplifiers, which don’t have intermodulation between them –For many applications, higher reverse link data rates are not needed; –Provides much less out-of-band interference