1. Norwegian Navy’s approach to safe and efficient e-navigation

2. Content -Lessons Learned in the Navy– So Far -Managing E-nav challenges -The way ahead

3. Grounding frequency has increased with 20% from 2005-06 Lack of training in the use of new equipment 13% of the groundings = The OOW falling asleep. Inattention and misjudgements High degree of automation in combination with familiar waterways results in boredom.

4. Lessons learned I Challenges in an ECDIS: Software e.g different menu system Electronic Chart e.g general understanding Sensor integration accuracy and redundancy

5. Lessons learned II IMO/type approval is not made for our requirements Lack of timely an adequate training ” Playstation mode”

6. Lessons learned III Alarms not respected Complex menu system Large displays and other sources illuminating bridge Too few hard buttons eCharts more complex than paper charts

7. Which display is most important?

8. Managing E-nav challenges: The navigation team Cooperation on the bridge in order to ensure safe and effective navigation in speed up to 60 knots in demanding waterways using IBS.

9. RADARECDIS CO OOW OPR Control Operating ECDIS/RADAR etc ECDIS? Observe Navigation task Role The navigation team

10. Managing E-nav challenges: System control and monitoring 1.Control mode: –optical principles and/or radar. 2.Choice of sensors: –INS1, INS2, GPS1, GPS2, LORAN-C or TERRESTRIAL input. 3.Level of Automation: –TRACK STEERING, CRS, WP, HDG or MANUAL.

11. 1.Control mode Monitor the system accuracy and performance –By optical or radar –position correlation/control –performance of autopilot This in order to: Maintain traditional navigation skills Be able to switch between eNavigation and traditional navigation (e.g paper charts) Organize the navigation team in such way that the OOW has focus on the main display – ”eyes-out”.

12. 2.Choice of sensors Sensors - Redundancy - Accuracy - Degradation - Integration - System handling

13. 3. Level of automation Track pilot in command –Heading mode –Course mode –Waypoint mode –Track mode Track pilot in local mode Manual steering

14. Control ModeChoice of sensorsLevel of Automation Contributes to: Common understanding of –system parameters –system performance –navigation modes Maintain a good situational awareness in the navigation team. Increase safety at high speed in challenging waterways

15. Managing E-nav challenges: Added functionalities Added functionalities in order to support the control and monitoring of the system, but also to ease the planning.

16. The way ahead, and its challenges RNoN paperless navigation in 2010 Maintain traditional navigation skills Increase the knowledge of IBS and electronic charts Efficient procedures for E-navigation for all type of vessels

17. Proposed functionalities 1.Fixed Wheel-Over-Point (WOP) 2.Object to head/aft heading a)When planning a voyage the object to head has to be visualized on the console in combination with abeam lines on both sides. b)When the voyage is monitored the object to head has to be indicated on the screen. c)45 degrees relative to own ship has to be visualized in planning mode. 3.45° relative bearings functions 4.Textbox a)Transparent b)Chosen on/off as layers in Chart Themes 5.Range Marker abeam/ahead/astern. Speed/time dependent. 6.Navigation Object in control –Navigation light sector extension –Visual presentation

18. Challenging and upcoming projects

19. Traditional navigation skills as foundation of E- Navigation KISS (Keep it Simple and Stupid) –Easy to understand the presentation on the console –Intuitive menu system –HMI as a part of the development Hard buttons Develop/utilise added functionalities in order to control the system. An easy recognisable alarm regime where alarms are divided into subgroups Better and more adequate training Recommendations

20. Summary -Lessons Learned in the Navy– So Far -Managing E-nav challenges -The way ahead

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