1. Urbanization: During The Gilded Age 1800’s
Objective:
Describe effects of urbanization on living and working conditions
Urbanization: During The Gilded Age 1800’s

2. Urbanization The increasing growth of population in cities
Farmers and other workers moved into the cities to find jobs when they lost theirs on the farmers

3. Negative Effects of Urbanization
Housing
Overcrowded
Airless
Filthy
Row houses
Working class families in the city had two choices buy an house on the outskits of the town or cramped rooms in the cities boarding houses.

4. Negative Housing
People could either buy a house on the outskirts and pay for transportation or live in a cramped city.
People would crowd a single family house with three single families.
The homes that were overcrowded were very unsanitary and disgusting to live in
Row houses were rooms houses that shared walls to create more room to live in. more than 2 families lived in each of these homes

5. Negative Health
They did not have an effective watering or plumbing system for the cities.
Water was polluted and spread cholera and typhoid
When people could not get water they would collect water in buckets when it rained and they would heat it for baths.

6. Negative - Sanitation Garbage in the streets
Sewage flowed through open gutters

7. Negative - Working Conditions
Farmers and industrial workers struggled to survive because prices and pay were falling.
People worked for long hours and were not guaranteed safety.
Wages were pitiful which in turn created labor organization unions.
In the mines many people died
Children worked as hard as the adults.
Heavy debts also worsened peoples lives.

8. Positive Effects of Urbanization
In advancement in new technology, which brought new a exciting inventions to come in the near future.

9. New Technologies
There were a lot of advances in transportation and communication networks
Many inventions were created in this time… such as the light bulb, generator and the first power plant created in New York.
Alexander introduced the telephone
Elevator

10. Positive - New Technology
Bridges help set the tone for expansion all across the country and gave people new ideas for the future to come.
Skyscrapers
Street lights
Sewers
Trolley cars

11. Positive - More Suburbs El trains Subways
Printing such as magazines, newspapers, books
Airplanes
Photographs

12. Positive - Cultural Benefits
Schools
Art galleries
Libraries
Books/ literature
Museums

13. Positive - Entertainment Culture
Theater
Amusement parks
Spectator sports such as baseball
Bicycling and Tennis
Mass Entertainment

14. Positive - Other Cultural Benefits
Urban shopping
The Department store
The Chain store
Advertisements
Catalogs and PFD

15. Philosophies Puritan Work Ethic Work Hard Social Gospel
Honor each other
Follow their beliefs of God
Keep out the devil in their hearts
Punish those who did not follow the Anglican form of worship

16. Closure