1. GURU GRANTH SAHIB Camp FATEH Guru Arjan Sahib May 27 – 30, 2005

2. Collection of Baani  Guru Nanak carried blank pages with him wherever he went and wrote his compositions  Writings of 15 Bhagats collected by Guru Nanak during his travels  Pothis passed down from first four Gurus

3. Need for Compilation  Question Why do you think Guru Arjan Sahib decided to compile the Guru’s baanis even though they were already written down?

4. Need for Compilation  Gurbaani spread by word of mouth  Musicians cutting lines short  Poets wrote under name of ‘Nanak’  Amount of baani growing  Eg. Guru Arjan Sahib – 2218 shabads  Stray compositions

5. Need for Compilation  Authentication  Standardization  Preservation  Establish permanence

6. Compilation of Baanis

7.  Guru Sahib as editor  Eg. Guru Sahib added his own Baanis and selectively chose baanis of the Bhagats  Eg. Added Saloks before Vaars and Bhagat Baanis for clarificatoin  Eg. Shud, Shud Keechai pauVI ] vfy kIAw vifAweIAw ikCu khxw khxu n jwie ] so krqw kwdru krImu dy jIAw irjku sMbwih ] sweI kwr kmwvxI Duir CofI iqMnY pwie ] nwnk eykI bwhrI hor dUjI nwhI jwie ] so kry ij iqsY rjwie ]24]1] suDu] {pMnw 475}

8. Gurdwara Ramsar

9. Installation of Adi Granth

10. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Copies of the Granth  Arrangement for a 2nd copy of the Granth in Bohat, 12 scribes supervised by Bhai Banno  Corrupted by addition of unauthorized Baanis and removal of pages, Khari Bir  All other copies were made from this copy, this volume is known as Banno’s Bir  Less than 100 copies existed by Guru Teg Bahadur’s time, location unknown

11. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Message of Baani challenged  Complaints made to Moghul Rulers that the Baani contained rebellious writings  Emperor Akbar met with Guru Arjan Sahib and was delighted by the message of truth, offered a gift of gold coins to Guru Sahib  Expressed the support and respect of state

12. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Transported to Kiratpur  In 1635, Guru Hargobind Sahib shifted his headquarters to Kiratpur and brought the Adi Granth with him  In 1644, the bir was stolen by Dhir Mal who refused to return it to the Guru and kept it at his home in Kartarpur  The bir was obtained forcibly by the Sikhs, but Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib ordered that it be returned to Dhir Mal’s home  Now known as the Kartarpuri Bir

13. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Perversion of Baani  Enemies of the Sikhs targeted Gurbaani  Ram Rai was sent to defend the Adi Granth in the court of Emperor Aurangzeb  He defied his father and changed a line of Gurbaani to impress the Emperor  Guru Sahib abandoned his son

14. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Guru Gobind Singh prepared a new edition of the Granth with Bhai Mani Singh as his scribe at Talwandi Sabo

15. Bhai Mani Singh

16. Adi Granth to Guru Granth  Included all the baani in Adi Granth, as well as the baani of Guru Teg Bahadur  Installed the final and current version of the Guru Granth at Nanded in 1705  In 1708, the Guruship was passed to the Guru Granth, ending the physical form of Guru

17. Damdama Sahib

18. Eternal Guru  Guruship passed to Guru Granth and Guru Panth  Baba Deep Singh Ji made 4 initial copies  1721, Mata Sundri Ji asked Bhai Mani Singh to return Guru Granth to Harmandir Sahib  1762, the original Guru Granth was taken to Kabul with Sikh troops by Ahmed Shah Abdali and lost in battle  Handwritten volumes of Guru Granth stored in Harmandir Sahib

19. Eternal Guru

20.  Attacks on Guru Granth  Authenticity of Gurbaani challenged  Message misinterpreted  Self proclaimed Gurus  Volumes of Guru Granth Sahib burned and destroyed in efforts to erase Gurbaani  Eg. 1984

21. 1984

22. Guru Arjan Sahib and Pothi Sahib  Question Once Pothi Sahib was installed at the Harmandir Sahib, who was the Guru?

23. Guru Arjan Sahib and Pothi Sahib

24. Composition and Contents  Dhur Ki Baani  Not the philosophy, understanding or reasoning of Guru Nanak’s  Message directly from God, and Guru Nanak was simply the messenger  Every word dedicated to the praise and glory of Vaaheguru

25. Composition and Contents  Authors  6 Gurus – first 5 and 9th  15 Bhagats  11 Bhatts  2 Maha Purakhs

26. Gurus GuruShabadAstpadiChantVaarTotal Guru Nanak209123253360 Guru Angad*00000 Guru AmarDas17279194274 Guru Ram Das26458388368 Guru Arjan1322456361436 Guru Teg Bahadur59000 Total2026305145212497

27. Bhagats BhagatShabadsSaloks Kabir **224249 Naamdev61 Ravdaas40 Trilochan4 Farid4130 Beni3 Dhannaa3 Jaidev2 Bhekhan2 Parmaanand1 Saiv/Sain1 Pipaa1 Sapnaa/Sadnaa1 Raamanand1 Soordaas1 Guru Arjan ***3 Total352

28. Bhatts and Maha Purakhs BhattSavaiye Kalshaar54 Jaalaap5 Keerat8 Bhikhaa3 Salh2 Bhalya1 Nalya16 Gayand13 Mathuraa14 Balya5 Harbans2 Total123 Maha Purakh Baba SunderRamkali Sadd Sata and Balwand1 Vaar

29. Raags and Ghars RAAGPAGERAAGPAGE 1.Siri Raag1417.Gond859 2.Majh9418.Ramkali876 3.Gaurhi16519.Nat Naaraayn975 4.Aasaa34720.Maali Gaurhaa984 5.Gujri48921.Maru989 6.Devgandhaari52722.Tukhaari1107 7.Bihaagarha53723.Kedaaraa1118 8.Vadhans55724.Bhairo1125 9.Sorath59525.Basant1168 10.Dhanaasari66026.Saarang1197 11.Jaithsari69627.Malhaar1254 12.Todi71128.Kaanrha1294 13.Bairaarhi71929.Kaliaan1319 14.Tilang72130.Prabhaati1327 15.Soohi72831.Jaijaavanti1352 16.Bilawal795

30. Arrangement of Gurbaani  Index – opening words of each shabads, beginning of Raags, and page  Gurbaani – p. 1 - 1429  Raag Mala – p. 1430

31. Arrangement of Gurbaani  Mool Mantar - p. 1 < siq nwmu krqw purKu inrBau inrvYru Akwl mUriq AjUnI sYBM gur pRswid ]  Nitnem – p. 1 – 13 BaaniPage Jap1 So Dar8 Sun Vadha9 So Purakh10 Sohila12

32. Arrangement of Gurbaani  Baanis in Raag – p. 14 - 1352  Sub-arrangement within each Raag  Type of baani, then author 1.Shabad 1.Guru in chronological order 2.Bhagats 2.Astpadi 1.Guru in chronological order 2.Bhagats 3.Chant 1.Guru in chronological order 2.Bhagats 4.Vaar 1.Guru in chronological order 2.Bhagats

33. Arrangement of Gurbaani  Baanis not in Raag - p. 1353 - 1430 BaaniPage Sahaskriti Salok1353 Gatha1360 Phunhe1361 Chauobole1363 Salok Kabir ji1364 Salok Farid ji1377 Svaiye Sri Mukh Vaak1385 Svaiye Bhattan De1389 Salok Vaaran Te Vadheek1410 Salok Mahala 91426 Mundavni Mahala 51429 Raag Mala1429

34. Languages  Languages  Punjabi, Marathi, Hindi, Bengali, Apbhransh, Brij Bhasha, Prakriti, Sahskrit, Pali, Sanskrit, Pharsi, and Urdu/Arabi.  Evolution of language

35. Numbering DnwsrI mÚ 5 ] kir ikrpw dIE moih nwmw bMDn qy Cutkwey ] mn qy ibsirE sglo DMDw gur kI crxI lwey ]1] swD sMig icMq ibrwnI CwfI ] AhMbuiD moh mn bwsn dy kir gfhw gwfI ]1] rhwau ] nw ko myrw dusmnu rihAw nw hm iks ky bYrweI ] bRhmu pswru pswirE BIqir siqgur qy soJI pweI ]2] sBu ko mIqu hm Awpn kInw hm sBnw ky swjn ] dUir prwieE mn kw ibrhw qw mylu kIE myrY rwjn ]3] ibnisE FITw AMimRqu vUTw sbdu lgo gur mITw ] jil Qil mhIAil srb invwsI nwnk rmeIAw fITw ]4]3] {pMnw 671}

36. Literary Significance  Shabad - ‘revealed word’  Padas  Shabads contain 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 16  Eg. Ashtpadi – 8 padas  Chant – origin from folk songs, 52  Vaar – origin from war ballads, 22  Salok – usually couplet, Guru Angad

37. Laridaar Saroop  Example of Laridaar Saroop : Awidscujugwidscu]hYBIscunwnkhosIBIsc u]1]  Example of Broken Words : Awid scu jugwid scu ] hY BI scu nwnk hosI BI scu ] 1 ]

38. Thank you!