2. Post Mortem Collimators and Movable Objects Michel Jonker Post Mortem Workshop Cern, 16 & 17 January 2007

3. Abstract 4.3 Collimators and Movable Objects – Michel Jonker The LHC collimation system is responsible for providing clean beam conditions and hence to assure the protection the equipment in the LHC. A failure of the collimation system may trigger a beam dump to avoid magnet quenches. The post mortem data of the collimation system supplies the following information –Demanded and actual positions of all collimator jaws (millisecond accuracy) Note: information on the actual positions is provided by resolver, position and gap lvdt's as well as end switches and anti-collision switches). –Temperatures of the jaws –Jaw vibrations over a period of a few seconds before and after the beam dump –BLM transient data during a collimator movement. –Command history The first analysis of the collimator post mortem data must assure that there were no internal failures in maintaining the actual collimator positions. A second analysis in combination with information from beam loss, beam position and beam profile monitors should validate that the collimation efficiency was as required.

4. Outline Collimation system –Purpose of collimation system –Overview of moveable elements –Controls architecture Post Mortem Data Post Mortem Analysis –Local analysis –Global analysis (in correlation with other systems)

5. Purpose of collimation system Passive Machine protection –Protect against accidental losses of the beam (kicker misfiring, fast magnet trips, …) Beam Cleaning –Reduce the beam halo below the level where this would cause magnets to quench

6. Beam Interlock The collimation system is an active source of the beam interlock: –End switches not compatible with current mode –Jaw position or gap size out of limits For Machine protection, gap size should be less than an energy dependent value. For cleaning efficiency (to avoid magnet quenches) the various collimator families should follow a strict setting hierarchy: a primary < a secondary < a protection/tertiary < a machine –Temperatures too high

7. LHC Collimation system Over 120 collimators including tertiary, scrapers, absorbers, phase 2, etc Distributed over 7 points with a large concentration in point 3 and 7 Jaw positions are correlated primary – secondary – tertiary Also during movements they have to stay synchronised

8. Collimator types Collimators: –Primary –Secondary –Tertiary Other moveable objects: –Absorbers –Protection Devices: TCDQ, TCDI, TCLI, TDI –Scrapers –Roman Pots (Atlas & Totem experiments) NB: Vacuum valves, and BI moveable equipment are not covered by collimation control system and this talk.

9. Collimator Hardware  Up to 500 kW impacting on a jaw (7 kW absorbed in jaw)…

10. Collimator Hardware Motor Temperature sensors Gap opening (LVDT) Gap position (LVDT) Resolver Resolver Reference Microphone Vacuum tank + switches for IN, OUT, ANTI-COLLISION CFC Sliding table Movement for spare surface mechanism (1 motor, 2 switches, 1 LVDT) Per collimator: 5 Stepping Motors 5 Resolvers 7 Position sensors LVDT’s 10 Anti Collision & End Switches 5 Temperature sensors 1 Water flow detector 1 Microphone sensors Side view at one end

11. Baseline Architecture Collimator Supervisory System (one or two per LHC point) Collimator Supervisory System (one or two per LHC point) BLM system Beam Permit Central Collimation Application Ethernet Controls Network Data Base Actual Machine Parameters Data Base Critical Settings... Machine Timing Machine Timing Distribution LHC tunnel Underground, low radiation area Surface support building Control room Synchronisation Fan out Control room software: Management of settings (LSA) Preparation for ramp Assistance in collimator tuning –Based on standard LSA components –Dedicated graphical interface for collimator control and tuning Collimator Supervisor System (CSS): –Support building, VME / FESA Fesa Gateway to Control Room Software Synchronization of movements Beam Based Alignment primitives Takes action on position errors (FB) –Receives timing, send sync signals over fiber to low level (Ramp & Beam Based Alignment) –Synchronization and communication (udp) with BLM Low level control systems –3 distinct systems Motor drive (PXI) Position readout and survey (PXI) Environment Survey (PLC) Local Ethernet Segment Motor Drive Control PXI Position Readout and Survey PXI Environment Survey PLC PM Server Ethernet Controls Network Data Base

12. Modes of operation The usual stuff: –Setting Up –Injection –Ramp / Squeeze –Recover Beam Based optimization Position the collimators (640 motors) according to BLM signals Each jaw moved in turn with 10 um steps, 20 Hz during a second. We would like to keep track of this data for later analysis. –Can we use PM system for “non PM data transient recording” ? –Or should we use measurement system –How about the analysis tools, ease of looking up data, etc.

13. Post Mortem Data Interlock status Machine Data (mode, energy, ramp time, …) Switch status Motor drive status Motor Positions Resolver position Jaw Positions (LVDTs) Command History (including requests and triggers) Position Limits ? Temperature sensors Microphone data BLM Transient data (if in beam based optimisation mode)

14. Post Mortem Data Sampling done at about 10 ms intervals. Retain data for a period of 10 – 60 s (mostly in the low level systems?). Data transfer triggered by timing event. Data collection for microphones, temperatures will extend for some seconds after a trigger. Estimated volume: 200kb per collimator (x 2 ±1 )

15. Post Mortem Data Nothing yet done in terms of structure definition: we are here to learn. Post Mortem data should be self contained, i.e. alarms and logging is in parallel. or: Could send all data to the measurement database and let the PM system extract PM data from there. (20 kBytes/second/collimator, if not filtered) For temperatures we would like to use standard co facilities for PLC based systems. Do they exist, is there a delay of 5 minutes?

16. Post Mortem Analysis Local, specific or pre Analysis Motivation: extract useful information to make this available to the global analysis and to guide the operator. Based on collimator data only. Did we removed the user beam permit, if so which sub systems. Could we have been the cause of the trouble: Verification of coherency, misbehaviour of motor positions… Did we detect any beam impact: beam impact detection (microphones or temperature)… Did we recover as expected: temperature analysis, etc. Where? i.e. before or after transferring the data. Spikes correspond to 2 MJ beam shock impact: Possibility to detect accidental beam impact! Temp Downstream [ o C] Temp Upstream [ o C] Temp Water Cooling [ o C]

17. Post Mortem Analysis Global Analysis, in cooperation with: Machine data (mode, energy, ramp time). BLM upstream of collimators. Which collimators got hit when and with how much and can we confirm? BLM around the ring. (comparison of full BLM system with collimator dependent nominal loss rates, - tricky) Beam position (comparison of beam position with collimator nominal beam position. Vacuum system, signs of beam induced out-gassing at the collimators.

18. Conclusions No special requirements from collimators We are a low volume data producer We are here to learn how to do things We have ideas on what we should extract and analyse from the primary data, we hope to find here the tools on how to do this. We would like to understand if PM recording can also be used for transient recording (or if we should use the measurement database).