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Document Design: Guidelines for Effective Information Layout Dr. Shelley Thomas
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Rhetorical Situation Audience Purpose Context
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Levels of Design Intra Inter Extra Supra
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Levels of Design Intra Controls local variation of the text Type size, font, expanded or condensed text, punctuation marks
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Levels of Design Inter Helps readers understand the text within a given field Hierarchy shown by type size (heading levels) Text divided into units (columns); hierarchy shown by placement (centering) Separates information (bullets in lists, lines between columns)
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Levels of Design Extra Operates outside the main text as autonomous entities with their own visual vocabulary and conventional forms Includes pictures, data displays, icons, symbols
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Levels of Design Supra Includes top-down design elements that visually define, structure and unify the entire document Consistent chapter pages Page orientation Page bleeds, color, unifying logos
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Functions of Design Provides access to information Aids comprehension Enhances recall Motivates readers Meets readers’ expectations Facilitates ongoing use
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Provide Explanations Charts Illustrations
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Think you know the world? Projections Pop-Culture Moment
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Original Underground Map
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London Underground Simplified
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Conciseness Conciseness—designs that are appropriately succinct Charts are too concise to communicate effectively
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Conciseness Information consolidated Be careful of those stray fish.
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Parts of Illustrations Labels Numbers Titles Callouts
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Parts of Illustrations Column/Row Headings Legends Captions Footnotes
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Figure 2.4 EPA National Priorities List www.epa.gov
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Rhetorical Impact of Data Displays Interdependence of Design Elements Closely related to each other, a tight- knit family Elements work in concert, not in isolation, balancing and complementing one another One strategy impacts other strategies and must be constantly monitored
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Document Design Decisions Do I use text or a visual representation? Where do I place text, visuals? How many columns should I use? How do I group common elements? What type styles and sizes should I use? How do I accommodate different types of readers?
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Advantages of Effective Document Design Accommodates different types of reading Points readers to most important material Promotes comprehension Enhances recall GOAL: Instant and lasting communication
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