1. engineering the biosphere Sarah Gaines Division of Ecological and Earth Sciences United Nations Education Science and Culture Organization

2. ©Amazonas Images

3. Today, the World Network of Biosphere Reserves comprises 531 sites in 105 countries

4. functionroleBodies and ToolsSponsors research scientific studies Earth System SciencePartnership (ESSP) IGBP International Geosphere Biosphere Programme ICSU Diversitas International Programme of Biodiversity Science ICSU, IUBS, UNESCO, SCOPE WCRP World Climate Research Programme ICSU, WMO, IOC/UNESCO IHDP International Human Dimensions Programme ICSU, ISSC monitoring Compilat ion of research over time GEOSS GTOS, GEOS, GCOS, GEO-BON Terrestrial, Earth, Climate, Biodiversity Observing Systems UNESCO amongst many assessments to assist policy and transfer bodies of knowled ge to decision makers IPCC (active) IPBES Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (proposed) Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (complete, but follow-up strategy developed) UNESCO amongst many Intergovernmental activities on the science of global environmental change

5. Biosphere Reserve model

6. The International Geosphere Biosphere Network

7. IGBP project framework Earth System Ocean Dynamics Land Atmospheric Chemistry Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere Processes Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Land-Ocean Interactions Past Global Changes Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Society Economics Ethics

8. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Framework

9. Globally connected world relying strongly on environmentally sound technology, using highly managed, often engineered, ecosystems to deliver ecosystem services, and taking a proactive approach to the management of ecosystems in an effort to avoid problems. TechnoGarden Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Scenario:

10. Mitigation Water Management Indigenous Knowledge Agriculture – including biofuels and food security Adaptation Renewable Energy Bio-sequestration and Conservation Ocean Carbon Sequestration

11. Ifugao Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras

12. “Adaptation to climate change is not a technical challenge but one that involves society in its broadest sense.” Dr. Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the IPCC to UNESCO’s Executive Board 2 Oct 2007

13. Rock formations with high potential for CO2 Storage. Several of these potential sites are offshore. Source: IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage and the IEA Greenhouse Gas Research and Development Programme.IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage IEA Greenhouse Gas Research and Development Programme