1. Citric acid cycle Production of acetyl-CoA Reactions of citric acid cycle Regulation of the citric acid cycle

2. Oxidative decarboxylation P. 602 Production of acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a large enzyme complex

3. NAD+ O II CH 3 -C-S-CoA CoA-SH TPP-CHOH-CH 3 CO 2 pyruvate Reactions catalyze by PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) Pyruvate dehydro- genase (E1) TPP Lys Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2) (o)lipoate O II CH 3 -C-lipoate (r)lipoate Acetyl-CoA E3 FADH 2 FAD NADH TPP lipoate CoA FAD NAD +

4. P. 570 Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex includes three enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2), and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) and also five coenzymes.

5. P. 513 NAD + CAC

6. TPP p.541 PDH

7. P. 516 FAD and FMN PDH

8. P. 603 Coenzyme A (CoA) PDH

9. P. 603 Lipoic acid (lipoate) Together with lysine of E2, the lipoyllysyl arm has enable the E2 becoming more flexible in terms of catalyzing reactions. PDH

10. The citric acid cycle

11. oxaloacetate Acetyl-CoA H2OH2O CoA-SH Citrate isocitrate H2OH2O H2OH2O cis-aconitate citrate cis-aconitate isocitrateNAD + NADHCO 2  -ketoglutarate NAD + CoA-SH CO 2 NADH Succinyl-CoA GDP(ADP) GTP(ATP) Pi CoA-SHSuccinate FAD FADH2Fumarate malate H2OH2O NAD + NADHoxaloacetate Citrate synthase aconitase Isocitrate dehydrogenase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex Succinyl-CoA synthetase Succinate dehydrogenase Fumarase Malate dehydrogenase

12. p617 Citric acid cycle components are important biosynthetic intermediates

13. Anaplerotic reactions of citric acid cycle

14. Regulation of citric acid cycle