1. Borders and Identity in Light of Globalization Soufi Mirfakhraei and Paula Tikka Oulu University, Finland

2. Answer: An English princess With an Egyptian boyfriend Crashes in a French tunnel, Driving a German car With a Dutch engine, Driven by a Belgian who was drunk On Scottish whisky, (check the bottle before you object to the spelling) Followed closely by Italian Paparazzi, On Japanese motorcycles; Treated by an American doctor, Using Brazilian medicines. This is presented to you by Finnish students, Using Bill Gates's technology, And it is being projected from a Computer, That uses Taiwanese chips, And a Korean monitor, Assembled by Bangladeshi workers In a Singapore plant, Transported by Indian lorry-drivers, Hijacked by Indonesians, Unloaded by Sicilian longshoremen, And trucked to you by Mexican Illegals..... A Definition of Globalization Question: What is the truest definition of Globalization? Answer: Princess Diana's death. Question: How come? That, my friends, is Globalization!

3. More Reliable Definitions of Globalization (Scholte 2000) IMF (2002): Growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services, free international capital flows, and more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology.IMF (2002): Growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services, free international capital flows, and more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology. InternationalizationInternationalization LiberalizationLiberalization Global=WorldwideGlobal=Worldwide Westernization or modernizationWesternization or modernization Deterritorialization - social space is no longer wholly mapped in terms of territorial places, territorial distances and territorial bordersDeterritorialization - social space is no longer wholly mapped in terms of territorial places, territorial distances and territorial borders

4. Borders Designation of a place of belonging (Paasi, 2001)Designation of a place of belonging (Paasi, 2001) A dual swordA dual sword Eternal truths vs. acts of power (Massey, 95)Eternal truths vs. acts of power (Massey, 95) Boundaries and nation-buildingBoundaries and nation-building Globalization: dissolution of borders?Globalization: dissolution of borders?

5. Identity (Virta 1994) Social identity National identity + Cultural identity → Ethnic Identity National Identity

6. The Third Sector ( NGOs ) as a Global Educator The role of the 3rd sector in the field of educationThe role of the 3rd sector in the field of education For Example: The Finnish UNAFor Example: The Finnish UNA (United Nations Association) → Based on Human rights

7. The Global Citizenship Maturity Test (GCMT) Education for developmentEducation for development → the Challenge to Global Citizenship Programme Aims: → To implement the educational goals of both the United Nations and the UN Association of Finland To support an individual’s personal growth into global citizenship → To support an individual’s personal growth into global citizenship Could be accommodated to any country and school level

8. Conclusion

9. Salvador Dalí, Geopoliticus Child Watching the Birth of a New Man ”