1. Social Studies Chapter 8 “Canada”

2. ARCTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN HUDSON BAY GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BAY OF FUNDY GREAT LAKES UNITED STATES ALASKA (U.S.) GREENLAND (DENMARK) WESTERN MOUNTAIN REGION INTERIOR PLAINS CANADIAN SHIELD ARCTIC ISLANDS APPALACIAN HIGHLANDS ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS Huron Ontario Michigan Erie Superior 1.Rapids 2.Canal 3.lock

3. Western Mountain Region Rocky Mountains (Rockies)

4. Interior Plains Fetile soil glaciers Arctic Ocean Great Lakes

5. Canadian Shield Hudson Bay 2000 feet glacial Ice Age ‘muskegs’ Mineral resources

6. Arctic Islands fjords

7. Appalachian Highlands Bay of Fundy/ fishing

8. St. Lawrence Lowlands Mother of Canada Hydroelectric power population St. Lawrence Seaway/ River

9. 7. A. timberline b. tundra c. permafrost TREES NO TREES

10. CANADA 1.Jacques Cartier 2.Alexander Mackenzie 3.John Cabot 4.Leif Ericsson 5.Samuel de Champlain 6.Henry Hudson

11. The Vikings 1.Cruel fierce warlike brave intelligent 2. He called it Vinland which translated to Wineland, possibly because a large amount of grapes grew there. Grapes are used to make wine. 3. Columbus went to America in 1492. Leif Ericsson landed in North America around A.D. 1000. Another Viking, Bjarni Herjulfson had sighted North America 15 years before Ericsson’s landing.

12. John Cabot (1450 – 1498?) John Cabot was an Italian-born English explorer and navigator. In Italy, he is known as Giovanni Caboto (which is his original name.

13. Jacques Cartier (1491 – 1557) 1.Cartier did not set out to conquer other civilizations in order to acquire goods and land. He made agreements with the Canadian Indians and dealt with them in a fair and friendly manner. 2.Cartier was looking for a Northwest Passage to the spice islands. Mont Real 3.Hochelaga was the home of the Huron Indians in what is now Canada. Cartier called this area Mont Real, and is now called Montreal.

14. Samuel de Champlain (1567 – 1635) 1.Champlain’s nickname was Father of Canada. 2.The lake discovered by Champlain Lake Champlain. 3.A city founded by Champlain Quebec 4.To state that land belongs to a certain country claim 5.An Indian tribe that was friendly to French explorers Algonquin 6.The name given to Canada by the French explorers New France 7.An Indian tribe that became an enemy to the French in Canada Iroquois 8.Country that teamed up with the Iroquois to battle against the French in Canada England 9.A word that describes the relationship between the French and the Canadian Indians friendly 10.Champlain went to North America to explore and to establish these trading posts

15. Henry Hudson (? – 1611) 1.Hudson was searching for a passage to China. 2.In 1625, Dutch settlers founded the colony of New Amsterdam on the site. Eventually it became New York City. 3.Hudson wanted to continue his exploration of Hudson Bay by heading west to search for a passage to the Pacific Ocean. Hudson River East River

16. Neighboring Nations CANADAUNITED STATES Land area (square miles) Total Population Official Language(s) Type of Government Products (Exports) Top Trading Partners 3,855,103 3,536,294 34,482,779312,780,968 English & French (Bilingual) English Constitutional Monarchy Democracy Petroleum, cars, car parts, aluminum, lumber Aircraft, semi-conductors, cars, car parts, pharmaceutical supplies U.S., Japan, United Kingdom Canada, Mexico, China, Japan

17. Political Canada Provinces and Territories

19. Study Guide Answers 1.Rocky Mountains 2.Fertile soil 3.Canadian Shield 4.Hudson Bay 5.Fjords 6.Rich in mineral resources 7.Glaciers 8.High tides/ fishing 9.St. Lawrence River/ Seaway 10. provides area with hydroelectricity 11. St. Lawrence Lowlands 12.Appalachian Highlands 13.Tundra/ timberline

20. 14. Permanently frozen soil 15. Vikings 16. France/ Mont R’eal – “royal mountain”/ Montreal/ French 17. Henry Hudson 18. Samuel de Champlain 19. John Cabot 20. kanata/ village/ second