1. TERMINOLOGY

2. 1. Ecology The study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other

3. 2. Ecosystem All of the interacting parts of a biological community and its physical environment within a specific area. It can be natural or artificial, and temporary or permanent.

4. 3. Producer Organisms capable of making their own food from: water, light and air

5. eg. of PRODUCERS PLANTS SOME BACTERIA

6. 4. Consumer Organisms that must eat other organisms for food

7. eg. of Consumers The cow eats the grass The calf eats the milk The lion eats the buffalo The gull eats anything

8. 5. Types of Consumers Basking shark eating phytoplankton a. Herbivore [what is a herbivore?]

9. 5a. Herbivore An organism that eats fresh plants as 90% or more of its diet

10. 5b. Carnivore [What is a carnivore?]

11. 5b. Carnivore Wolf kills & eats deer Shark catches & eats fish An organism that eats fresh meat as 90% or more of its diet

12. 5c. Omnivore [What is an omnivore?]

13. 5c. Omnivore Dogs eats anything!lField rat eats seeds & insects Organisms that eat a mixture of fresh plant & animal materials

14. 6a. Detritus [What is detritus?]

15. 6a. Detritus Waste from plants and animals, including dead remains Remains of dead animals or dead plants

16. 6b. Decomposer [What is a decomposer?]

17. 6b. Decomposer Maggots Vultures Bacteria Organisms that consume detritus

18. 7. Pest An organism that is considered to be inconvenient in a particular situation

19. 8. Food Chain [What is a food chain?]

20. 8. Food Chain Sequence of organisms, one feeding off another

21. 9. Food Web A pictorial representation of all feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem

22. 10. Habitat [What is an organism’s habitat?]

23. 10. Habitat Where an organism lives in its environment lives in a hollow tree lives in an old burrow

24. 11. Niche [What is an organism’s niche?]

25. 11. Niche Everything an organism does to survive & reproduce often refers to where it gets its food from as in the bird example on next slide

26. SHARING & NOT COMPETING Each bird eats from a different part of the same tree

27. 12. Species - a group of organisms that mate in the natural world and produce fertile offspring

28. 13a. Biotic factors - the part of the environment that is living or was once living - trees & grasses - fungus - insects - bacteria - tree stump

29. 13b. Abiotic factors - the part of the environment that was never living - water - air - sunlight - rock [sand] - temperature

30. 14. Population - all of the members of one species living in an area

31. 15. Community - all of the different populations in an ecosystem

32. 16. Ecotones - the transition area between one ecosystem and another ecosystem