1. The fourth state of matter
Plasma
The fourth state of matter

3. What is plasma? Fourth state of matter
Most common state of matter in the universe
Much like gas except has free electrons
Composed of positive charged particles called cations
Examples of plasmas: lighting, stars, neon signs, and auroras

4. History of plasma Discovered by sir William Crookes in 1879
Defined it as radiant matter
Discovered it through a Crookes tube
Wasn’t given the name plasma till 1929 by Irving Langmuir
Greek for “anything formed”

6. Where is plasma found? 99% of the matter in the universe is plasma
On earth it is the rarest state of matter
Man made plasma is found in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights
In space plasma is mostly seen in stars

7. Different types of plasma
Thermal plasma
Found in stars and lighting
At extremely high temperatures
Determined by atom and amount of energy going through it
Non-thermal plasma
Much lower temperature then thermal plasma
Used in medical research
Auroras and fluorescent bulbs are cold plasma

8. Plasma in stars Plasma is created by the fusion reaction in stars
A fusion reaction is when hydrogen is transformed into helium
The energy that comes out of this reaction causes huge burst of energy
The energy causes a electrical charge which runs through the gases and creates plasma

10. Uses of plasma Plasma is used from cutting metal to light bulbs
Plasma is the key to fusion energy
Some types of plasma are being tested for medical research

11. Plasma cutter First used to the industrial scale in WW2 by the U.S.
Plasma made it possible to build planes and artillery faster
Much more reliable then cold saws

13. Fluorescent & neon lights
Fluorescent lights differ from normal incandescent bulbs
Fluorescent are filled with a type of gas
The electricity goes through the twisty tube thing and creates energy to ionizes the electrons in the gas
This causes the light to shine

15. Auroras Caused by solar flares hitting the atmosphere
The flares hit particles with a electric charge
Different elements give different color
Oxygen: green & red
Nitrogen: pink

17. Lighting High thermal plasma
Caused when water molecules are evaporated and bump into each other
This causes electrons to be bumped off
Positive water molecules ascend to the top
this creates an electrical charge its gets pushed down to the earth

19. Medical uses of plasma Is used in decontamination
Has been widely used in cancer treatment
Does not kill skin cells
Kills micro-organisms

20. Video

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