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Published byRodger Caldwell Modified over 9 years ago
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What’s the MATTER, part I
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Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space Matter is made up of building blocks: atom – smallest unit of an element. element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.
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FYI (good bonus questions!!!) 90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements: Oxygen49.2% Silicon25.7 % Aluminum 7.5% Iron 4.7% Calcium 3.4%
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States of Matter Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible
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Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite shape (assumes the shape of the container) Particles are loosely packed (can flow) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible
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Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible
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Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and neon signs
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Energy Amounts in States of Matter Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate Liquid- more energy, they move freely Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move extremely fast
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States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Energy
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Names of Phase Changes Solid to Liquid= Melting Liquid to Gas= Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid= Condensation Liquid to Solid= Freezing Solid to Gas= Sublimation Gas to Solid= Deposition
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Properties of Matter 2 Types: Extensive – depend on the amount of the sample Examples =volume mass length weight
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Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the amount of the sample Examples =density melting point boiling point malleability ductility color odor
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