1. Matter and Atomic Structure Section 3.3- State of Matter
Chapter 3
Matter and Atomic Structure
Section 3.3- State of Matter

2. Solids – form crystals
Substances with densely packed particles which may be ions, atoms, or molecules.
Definite shape and definite volume.
Crystalline structure= geometric patterns
Crystals form symmetrical solid objects

3. Vocabulary Crystalline Structure Table salt crystals = cubic
Vanadium crystals = hexagonal

4. Glasses
Window glass
Molten material chills very rapidly; atoms don’t have enough time to arrange in patterns.
Made of disordered silicon and oxygen
SiO2

5. Liquids Particles slide pass each other
Do not have a definite shape, take the shape of a container.
Have definite volume

6. Gases Particles move at very high speeds
Evaporation – change of a liquid to a gas
Sublimation – slow change of state from a solid, ice crystals, to a gas, water vapor, without and intermediate liquid state.
No definite shape
No definite volume

7. Plasma Plasma – hot, highly ionized, electrically conducting gases
Matter is heated- 5000co
Collisions are violent; electrons are knocked off
As a result= positive ions + free electrons
Example- Stars, lightning, neon sign

8. Changes of State Solids melt when they absorb thermal energy
Liquids absorbs thermal energy, it evaporates
Gas cools, it releases thermal energy in process called condensation (change from gas to a liquid)

9. First Law of Thermodynamics
Matter cannot be created or destroyed.
Law of conservation of matter
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Law of conservation of energy
Matter and Energy can only change from 1 form to another.