2. Bases: A, T, C, G Codons: Genes: Chromosome: DNA Words Chapters Book

3. Not passed on to offspring Can be passed on to offspring MitosisMeiosis MUTATIONS IN CELL DIVISION

4. A single gene An entire chromosome MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT: Gene

5. A single gene An entire chromosome Gene 2 4 MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT:

6. Gene 1. Sequence Mutations 2. Frameshift Mutations

7. Gene 1. SEQUENCE MUTATION Pancake Panvake

8. A T C G

9. Gene 1. SEQUENCE MUTATION Pancake Panvake

10. Gene 2. FRAMESHIFT MUTATION Pancake Deletion: Pancake Insertion : Pancaake Panake

13. 0

15. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADru%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_slovn%C3%ADk_nau%C4%8Dn%C3%BD Genes Chromosome Codons

16. The cat ate the rat Thc ata tet her at

17. The cat ate the rat Thc ata tet her at

18. Gene REVIEW 2 THAT AFFECT A SINGLE GENE 2 Sequence/Point MutationFrameshift Mutation

19. An entire chromosomes MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT : 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation

20. An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

21. An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

22. An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

23. An entire chromosomes 1. GENE DUPLICATION

24. An entire chromosomes 2. GENE DELETION

25. An entire chromosomes 2. GENE DELETION

26. An entire chromosomes 3. GENE INVERSION

27. An entire chromosomes 4. TRANSLOCATION

28. Not passed on to offspring Can be passed on to offspring MitosisMeiosis MUTATIONS IN CELL DIVISION

29. How serious the results of a mutation are depends on: The type of mutation The number of genes involved The location of the mutation EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS

30. A mutated gene can produce a protein that doesn’t function properly. A cell could lose its ability to make one of the proteins it needs. Some mutations can cause genetic disorders. EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS

31. PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME

32. PKU Cystic Fibrosis Williams Syndrome Breast and ovarian cancer Sickle Cell Disease Albinism Tay-Sachs Disease SOME GENETIC DISORDERS

33. Rarely, if ever, is a mutation beneficial. Sickle Cell Disease (better able to survive Malaria)

34. It’s important to understand mutations because of the important role they are supposed to play in the theory of evolution. Origins 101 MUTATIONS

35. Recorded at Chattanooga Public Radio SM Classical 90.5 WSMC

36. Original Graphics by Ron Hight Susan Landon

37. Images may appear on more than one slide. Citation is given on the first slide where each image appears. [2] DNA, chromosome, and cell, Susan Landon [2a] Photo of Table of Contents page, Ron Hight [2c] Book 177425492, badahos, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement [3a] Mitosis animation, purchased from Edumedia, https://www.edumedia- sciences.com/en/a70-mitosis [3b] Meiosis animation, purchased from Edumedia, https://www.edumedia- sciences.com/en/a418-meiosis [4a] DNA Susan, Landon [4b] Chromosome, Susan Landon [7b] Point mutation, Ron Hight [8] Nucleotide bases, Susan Landon [11] Frameshift deletion, Ron Hight [13] Frameshift insertion, Ron Hight Images By

38. [23a] Gene duplication, Ron Hight [24a] Gene deletion, Ron Hight [26a] Gene inversion, Ron Hight [27a] Translocation, Ron Hight [28a] Cell 000045876032 7activestudio, Getty Images (US), Inc. Subscription [28b] Sperm cell 178755818, ThorstenSchmitt, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement [31b] Chromosomes 134153911, somersault18:24, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement Images By

39. Special Thanks Tim Trott, PhD Biology Professor, Southern Adventist University Foundation for Adventist Education

40. © Origins Curriculum Resources 2015

41. © Southern Adventist University 2015

42. © Seventh-day Adventist North American Division 2015

43. © General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 2015

44. © SCORE Southern Center for Origins Research & Education 2015