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Chapter 16 Section 4 America Moves Toward War
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Why?EventSignificance? German tanks thunder across Poland. Revise Neutrality Act of 1935 1939 Cash & Carry Warning nations buy U.S. arms as they pay cash & transport in own ships. FDR helps GB & France & keeps us out of war
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Why? EventSignificance? Germany extending the Third Reich 1940 France Falls U.S. helps GB “All aid short of war” 500k rifles 80k machine guns 50 old destroyers for GB bases in Caribbean & Newfoundland Un-neutral Act
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Why?EventSignificance? Keep U.S. out of war September 27, 1940 Tripartite Pact Axis Nations would defend each other if U.S. attacked U.S. wants to avoid a two ocean war
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Why?EventSignificance? Blitzkrieg Nazi Victories in 1940 Congress boosted defense spending Military Draft/Selectiv e Service
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Why?EventSignificance? War is costly 1940 British Out of Cash 1941 Lend Lease Act Lend arms & supplies to any country whose defense was vital to U.S.
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Why?EventSignificance? Germany extending the Third Reich 1941 Hitler Invades Soviet Union Lend Lease extended to Soviets Enemy of my enemy is a friend
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Why?EventSignificance? Prevent shipment to the Allies September 4, 1941 German submarine fires on U.S. destroyer Greer Naval War with Germany Arm U.S. merchant ships
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Why?EventSignificance? Japanese want expansion like Italy & Germany Japan invades Manchuria & Indochina U.S. cuts off trade with Japan Cut off oil Causes Pearl Harbor
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Why?EventSignificance? U.S. cut off trade to protest & prevent Japanese expansion December 7, 1941 Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor U.S. enters WWII Pacific fleet except for 3 aircraft carriers destroyed U.S. has 2 ocean war Isolationists converted Build army & navy Japan moves toward Dutch East Indies
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Definitions 1. Axis Powers: September 27, 1940 Germany, Italy & Japan signed mutual defense pact & became known as Axis Powers 2.Arsenal of Democracy: U.S. would supply arms and supplies to Allies. Ex: Destroyers for Bases & Lend Lease w/ GB & USSR
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Definitions 3.Wolf Pack: At night 40 German submarines patrolled areas in N. Atlantic where convoys would be expected 4.Atlantic Charter: FDR & W.C. met on U.S.S. Battleship Augusta & pledged collective security, disarm, self-determination, economic coop, freedom of seas. Basis for Declaration of United Nations
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Definitions 5. Hideki Tojo: Chief of staff of Japan’s Kwan tang Army who launched invasion into Manchuria. Became prime minister and prepared Pearl Harbor Attack 6. Hirohito: Emperor of Japan
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Objectives: 1. Describe U.S. response to outbreak of war in Europe. –Isolationists –Cautiously moved away from neutrality-1939 Cash & Carry
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Objectives: 2. Explain how FDR assisted Allies w/o declaring war. 1939 Cash & Carry 1940 Rifles & Machine guns 1940 Destroyers for Bases 1940 Boost Defense Spending 1940 Lend Lease Act 1941 Shoot on sight/naval war/merchant ships
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Objectives: 3. Summarize events that brought U.S. into WWII. Nazi victories in Europe/fall of France Wolf Packs attacking U.S. ships/shoot on sight Japan invades Manchuria & Indochina / cut off trade Pearl Harbor
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