1. CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION
EKT 121 / 4 ELEKTRONIK DIGIT 1
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION

2. 3.0 LOGIC GATES
Inverter (Gate Not)
AND Gate
OR Gate
NAND Gate
NOR Gate
Exclusive-OR and Exclusive-NOR
Fixed-function logic: IC Gates

3. Introduction Three basic logic gates AND Gate – expressed by “ . “
OR Gates – expressed by “ + “ sign (not an ordinary addition)
NOT Gate – expressed by “ ‘ “ or “¯”

4. NOT Gate (Inverter) a) Gate Symbol & Boolean Equation
b) Truth Table (Jadual Kebenaran)
c) Timing Diagram (Rajah Pemasaan)

5. OR Gate a) Gate Symbol & Boolean Equation
b) Truth Table (Jadual Kebenaran)
c) Timing Diagram (Rajah Pemasaan)

6. AND Gate a) Gate Symbol & Boolean Equation
c) Timing Diagram (Rajah Pemasaan)
b) Truth Table (Jadual Kebenaran)

7. a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
NAND Gate
a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
& Truth Table
b) Timing Diagram

8. a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
NOR Gate
a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
& Truth Table
b) Timing Diagram

9. a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
Exclusive-OR Gate
a) Gate Symbol, Boolean Equation
& Truth Table
b) Timing Diagram

10. IC Gates : Fixed Function Logic
Three digital integrated circuit (IC) technology :
1) CMOS most widely used
2) TTL
3) ECL specific applications
Note:
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)
Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL)
Emiter-Couple Logic (ECL)

11. CMOS Series ICs 5 volt category : 74HC and 74HCT High-speed CMOS
74AC and 74ACT Advanced CMOS
74AHC and 74AHCT Advanced High-speed CMOS
3.3 volt category : 74LV Low-voltage CMOS
74LVC Low-voltage CMOS
74 ALVC Advanced Low-voltage CMOS
4000 series CMOS : BiCMOS combine TTL with CMOS
74BCT BiCMOS
74ABT Advanced BiCMOS
74LVT Low-voltage BiCMOS
74ALB Advanced Low-Voltage BiCMOS

12. TTL series logic gates
74 standard TTL (no letter) - eg : 7404
74S Schottky TTL – eg : 74S04
74AS Advanced Schottky TTL – eg : 74AS04
74LS Low-power Schottky TTL – eg : 74LS04
74ALS Advanced Low-power Schottky TTL –
eg : 74ALS04
74F Fast TTL – eg : 74F04

13. DIP and SOIC packages

14. AND gate NOT gate Examples : Logic Gates IC
Note : x is referring to family/technology (eg : AS/ALS/HCT/AC etc.)

15. Performance Characteristics and Parameters
Propagation delay Time
High-speed logic has a short pdt.
DC Supply Voltage (VCC)
Power Dissipation
Lower power diss means less current from dc supply
Input and Output Logic Levels
Speed-Power product
Fan-Out and Loading

16. Universality of Gates
AND Gate

17. NOR Gate

18. END OF SLIDES