1. 1 Transistors, Boolean Algebra Lecture 2 Digital Design and Computer Architecture Harris & Harris Morgan Kaufmann / Elsevier, 2007

2. 2 Overview Review Beneath the digital abstraction Transistors Boolean expressions Boolean algebra

3. 3 Logic Gates

4. 4 More Two-Input Logic Gates

5. 5 Multiple-Input Logic Gates

6. 6 Beneath the Digital Abstraction Suppose: 5 V = 1, 0 V = 0 What does 4.99 V = ?

7. 7 Logic Levels and Noise Margins

8. 8

9. 9 DC Transfer Characteristics

10. 10 DC Transfer Characteristics

11. 11 The Static Discipline Logic Family V DD V IL V IH V OL V OH TTL5 (4.75 - 5.25)0.82.00.42.4 CMOS5 (4.5 - 6)1.353.150.333.84 LVTTL (Low Voltage) 3.3 (3 - 3.6)0.82.00.42.4 LVCMOS3.3 (3 - 3.6)0.91.80.362.7

12. 12 Logic Gates

13. 13 How do we build logic gates?

14. 14 Silicon

15. 15 Transistors: nMOS

16. 16 Transistors: pMOS

17. 17 Transistor Function

18. 18 CMOS Gates: NOT Gate

19. 19 CMOS Gates: NAND Gate

20. 20 CMOS Gate Structure

21. 21 NOR Gate How do you build a two-input NOR gate?

22. 22 Other CMOS Gates How do you build a two-input AND gate?

23. 23 Boolean Expressions

24. 24 Boolean Expressions

25. 25 Sum-of-Products Form

26. 26 Boolean Expressions

27. 27 Product-of-Sums Form

28. 28 Next Time Combinational Logic –More Boolean Expressions / Boolean Algebra –Karnaugh maps –X’s and Z’s