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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Welcome and Introduction Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring: Moderator: Richard Lutes, MD
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Upfront Therapy Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring:
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Lenalidomide/high-dose dexamethasone vs lenalidomide/low-dose dexamethasone (ECOG trial E4A03) Rajkumar SV, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract LBA8025. 2520151050 0 0.2 0.6 1 Overall survival (mo) Probability 0.8 0.4 Log-rank P=0.0001 Rd RD ABAB Subjects, nEvents, n (%)Censored, n (%) Median survival (95% CI) A Len/High-dose Dex (RD)22341 (18)182 (82)NA (23.56, NA) B Len/Low-dose Dex (Rd)22213 (6)209 (94)NA (NA, NA)
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Rajkumar SV, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract LBA8025. 1-year survival rateNEvents Survival Probability (95% CI) Len-High Dex (RD)223260.87 (0.82, 0.92) Len-Low Dex (Rd)22280.96 (0.94, 0.99) Lenalidomide/high-dose dexamethasone vs lenalidomide/low-dose dexamethasone (ECOG trial E4A03)
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Toxicity, % Len/ High-dose Dex n=217 Len/ Low-dose Dex n=216P value Any non-Hem toxicity (Grade ≥3) 52.134.3<0.001 Toxicity of any type (Grade ≥4) 28.618.10.003 Early Deaths (<4 months) 4.51.40.034 Rajkumar SV, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract LBA8025. Lenalidomide/high-dose dexamethasone vs lenalidomide/low-dose dexamethasone (ECOG trial E4A03)
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Melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide (MPT) vs melphalan-prednisone (MP) in patients aged ≥75 years (IFM 01-01 trial) Best response at 12 months, % MP n=100 MPT n=100 At least PR (50%)3161 At least VGPR (90%)823 Complete remission17 P<0.0001 hulin c, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8001.
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Melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide (MPT) vs melphalan-prednisone (MP) in patients aged ≥75 years (IFM 01-01 trial) hulin c, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8001. 0 0.25 0.75 1 0.50 Time from randomization (mo) 5040302010060 Log-rank P=0.05 Median follow-up time = 24 months MPT Median OS = 45.3 mo [33.3 – Unreached] Y/N=39/100 MP Placebo Median OS = 27.7 mo [24.6 – 34.9] Y/N=54/100 Proportion Overall survival by treatment (n=200)
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Upfront Therapy Discussion Discussion Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring: Moderator: Richard Lutes, MD
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting TransplantationTransplantation Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring:
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TTIII plus bortezomib Barlogie B, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8020. 3624120 0 20 60 100 Months from Start of Induction 80 40 PR nCR CR Percent of patients (%)
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TTIII plus bortezomib Barlogie B, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8020. Endpoint at 24 months% Overall survival87 Event-free survival84 CR91 nCR80 PR60 Treatment-related mortality5 Post-relapse survival34
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Alternating bortezomib and dexamethasone as induction regimen in younger MM patients Rosinol L, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8024. End of Induction Treatment (n=40) Best Response Ever Achieved (n=40) ORR: 77.5%ORR: 82.5% MRPRVGPRCRNon-evaluableProgressionStable
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Alternating bortezomib and dexamethasone as induction regimen in younger MM patients Rosinol L, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8024. Liver Gastrointestinal Peripheral Neuropathy Thrombocytopenia Percent Neutropenia Skin Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 0 604020 10080 Fatigue
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Characteristics of patients relapsing after autologous stem cell transplant Characteristics, % Early relapse n=94 Late relapse n=338P value Male61.757.7NS PCLI ≥1%41.915.5<0.001 β 2 -microglobulin >3.5 mg/dL28.723.1NS Bone disease12.815.4NS Refractory at transplant41.529.30.03 Durie-Salmon: Stage II27.636.2NS Stage III72.463.8NS >1 induction regimen1880.007 Abnormal karyotype3414.8<0.0001 Circulating PC at collection51.136.40.01 Mahmood ST, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8022.
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Mel-based autotransplants for MM Retrospective analysis of 2836 transplant patients identified 5 factors that could influence outcomes –Type of treatment (tandem transplant or not) –Presence of cytogenetic abnormality –High β 2 -microglobulin –Low albumin –Low platelet counts Retrospective analysis of 2836 transplant patients identified 5 factors that could influence outcomes –Type of treatment (tandem transplant or not) –Presence of cytogenetic abnormality –High β 2 -microglobulin –Low albumin –Low platelet counts Pineda-Roman M, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8043.
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Reduced intensity conditioning 32 patients with relapsed/refractory MM –19 patients with HLA-identical sibling donor 5 patients had disease progression 4 patients in complete remission 5 patients in PR or VGPR –13 patients with no HLA-identical donor 11 patients had disease progression –Overall, 6 patients died from treatment-related mortality (incidence, 33%) 32 patients with relapsed/refractory MM –19 patients with HLA-identical sibling donor 5 patients had disease progression 4 patients in complete remission 5 patients in PR or VGPR –13 patients with no HLA-identical donor 11 patients had disease progression –Overall, 6 patients died from treatment-related mortality (incidence, 33%) Mohty M, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8045.
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting TransplantationDiscussionTransplantationDiscussion Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring: Moderator: Richard Lutes, MD
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Treating Relapsed/Refractory Disease Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring:
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Pegylated doxorubicin (PLD) and bortezomib vs bortezomib alone Response rates, % Bortezomib n=310 PLD + bortezomib n=303P value Total (CR + nCR + PR) 44520.05 CR + nCR1317 PR3135 CR + VGPR*20300.007 *According to IMWG 2006 criteria. Harousseau JL, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8002.
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Pegylated doxorubicin (PLD) and bortezomib vs bortezomib alone Harousseau JL, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8002. PLD + Bortezomib Censored Died 82% 18% 75% 25% HR (95% CI) 1.41 (1.002, 1.97) P <0.05 5004003002001000 0 20 60 100 Time (d) Percent of Subjects Alive (%) 80 40 700600 PLD + Bortezomib Bortezomib Overall survival Median follow-up time: 14 mo
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Effect of prior thalidomide treatment on efficacy of pegylated doxorubicin (PLD) and bortezomib Time to progression PLD + bortezomib (vs bortezomib) IMiD exposed PLD + bortezomib (vs bortezomib) IMiD naive Heterogeneity test* Median, d 270 (vs 205)295 (vs 189) Hazard ratio (95% CI) Log-rank P value) 1.62 (1.08, 2.41) P=0.018 2.01 (1.42, 2.84) P<0.0001 P=0.446 *Treatment by subgroup (IMiD exposed, IMiD naïve) interaction test from the Cox model. Sonneveld P, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8023.
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Effect of prior thalidomide treatment on efficacy of pegylated doxorubicin (PLD) and bortezomib *According to IMWG criteria. Sonneveld P, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8023. PLD + Bortezomib IMiD exposed n=123 PLD + Bortezomib IMiD naïve n=180 Time to progression, % OR (CR + PR)4847 CR45 PR4442 nCR99 CR + VGPR*3127 Duration of response (CR + PR), days 319310
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Factors predictive of outcome in patients treated with bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (VMPT) Palumbo AP, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8048. 1 Months 0 0.75 0.50 P=0.02 ≥ PR < PR Age: 65 yearsResponse: PR rate 0.25 7.55.02.5017.515.012.510.0 Proportion of Patients 1 Months 0 0.75 0.50 P=0.19 <65 years ≥65 years 0.25 7.55.02.5017.515.012.510.0 Proportion of Patients
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Factors predictive of outcome in patients treated with bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (VMPT) Palumbo AP, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8048. 1 Months 0 0.75 0.50 P=0.98 Del (13) No Deletion 2 -microglobulin Deletion (13) 0.25 7.55.02.5017.515.012.510.0 Proportion of Patients 1 Months 0 0.75 0.50 P=0.06 2 m <3.5 mg/dL 2 m >3.5 mg/dL 0.25 7.55.02.5017.515.012.510.0 Proportion of Patients
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Novel Agents Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring:
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Tanespimycin + bortezomib in relapsed/refractory MM Tanespimycin (17-AAG/KOS 953) disrupts heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), a molecular chaperone that transports proteins critical for MM growth, survival, and drug resistance –Phase I dose escalation study in 49 patients 7 th dose level reached so far –Combination treatment was well tolerated –Combination treatment resulted in inhibition of hsp90 and proteasome activity Tanespimycin (17-AAG/KOS 953) disrupts heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), a molecular chaperone that transports proteins critical for MM growth, survival, and drug resistance –Phase I dose escalation study in 49 patients 7 th dose level reached so far –Combination treatment was well tolerated –Combination treatment resulted in inhibition of hsp90 and proteasome activity Richardson PG, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 3532.
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Phase I evaluation of carfilzomib (PR-171) in hematologic malignancies Carfilzomib is a novel irreversible proteasome inhibitor –Promotes >80% proteasome inhibition in the blood Dose-limiting toxicities –Myelosuppression: cyclic reversible thrombocytopenia and neutropenia –A “first dose effect” has occurred at doses ≥20 mg/m 2 and heralds rapid decline in M-protein Objective responses have been observed at doses of carfilzomib ranging from 11 mg/m 2 to 27 mg/m 2 –Rapid onset of response (<1 month) –Responses are durable (4 to >9.5 months) –Responses noted in bortezomib and IMiD failures –Stable disease for >1 year Carfilzomib is a novel irreversible proteasome inhibitor –Promotes >80% proteasome inhibition in the blood Dose-limiting toxicities –Myelosuppression: cyclic reversible thrombocytopenia and neutropenia –A “first dose effect” has occurred at doses ≥20 mg/m 2 and heralds rapid decline in M-protein Objective responses have been observed at doses of carfilzomib ranging from 11 mg/m 2 to 27 mg/m 2 –Rapid onset of response (<1 month) –Responses are durable (4 to >9.5 months) –Responses noted in bortezomib and IMiD failures –Stable disease for >1 year Stewart KA, et al, ASCO 2007, Abstract 8003.
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Novel Agents Discussion Discussion Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring: Moderator: Richard Lutes, MD
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Multiple Myeloma Update from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 43 rd Annual Meeting Final Thoughts Nikhil Munshi, MD Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Featuring: Moderator: Richard Lutes, MD
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