1. Integrity  Service  Excellence Technology Challenges – Determining What to Invest In: Well-Considered Balance! Maj Gen Curt Bedke AFRL/CC 03 Sep 09 Air Force Materiel Command

2. Considerations ASC Army DARPA STRATCOM JFCOM AMC SOCOM SAB DDR&E Congress White House AFSPC CENTCOM AFSOC Power Vigilance ACC AAC AFNWC ESC SMC Far Mid Near Discovery Wargaming AFMC SAF/US SAF/AQR SAF/AQ CSAF SECAF DOE NASA Navy Air Space Cyber PACOM Reach

3. Well-Considered Balance Avoid an Unsustainable Investment Strategy We have Organizational tools to use…perhaps we should actually use them! Strategic Alignment & Deployment – Mission Technology Push: “Lead Discovery” Requirements Pull: “Respond to Needs” – People – Resources – Processes Focus on Mission…but ALSO People, Resources, and Processes

4. Lead Discovery (Technology Push) 10 Technical Directorates 52 Core Technical Competencies Questions the Air Force doesn’t even know to ask

5. Respond To Needs (Requirements Pull) SECDEF & OSD: Overarching SECAF & CSAF: Periodic Updates and Interaction SAF/AQ & AQR: TEO Review and POM Process MAJCOMs: ATCs and ASRs PEOs: PEO/TEO Conferences COCOMs, Industry, Other Services $2.1B External Funding: Intellectual Capitalism! Focused Long Term Challenges (FLTCs) Nuclear Deterrence Operations Air Superiority Space Superiority Cyber Superiority Command & Control Global Integrated ISR Global Precision Attack Special Operations Rapid Global Mobility Personnel Recovery Operations Agile Combat Support Build Relationships FLTC 1 FLTC 2 FLTC 3 FLTC 4 FLTC 5 FLTC 6 FLTC 7 FLTC 8 Service Core Functions Where are the gaps? Where are we too heavily invested?

6. Anticipatory Command, Control & Intelligence (C2I) Dominant Difficult Surface Target Engagement/Defeat Persistent & Responsive Precision Engagement Assured Operations in High Threat Environments Dominant Offensive Cyber Engagement On-demand Force Projection, Anywhere Affordable Mission Generation & Sustainment Unprecedented Proactive Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) FLTC #2 FLTC #1 FLTC #3 FLTC #4 FLTC #5 FLTC #6 FLTC #7 FLTC #8 Focused Long Term Challenges and Discovery Discovery Questions the Air Force doesn’t even know to ask

7. USAF S&T Vision Anticipate, Find, Fix, Track, Target, Engage, Assess... Anything, Anywhere, Anytime Focused Long-Term Challenges Focused Long Term Challenges (FLTC) Defined by the Air Force Approved at CORONA FLTC #1 FLTC #2 FLTC #3 FLTC #4 FLTC #5 FLTC #6 FLTC #7 FLTC #8 Problem Statement Each FLTC has problem statements Defined by the Air Force Problem #1 Problem #2 Problem #3 Problem #4 AFRL Organizes programs to address each problem Program AF 2 T 2 EA 4 Every AFRL FLTC program tied directly to the user’s needs 7

8. FLTC 2.6 – Example FLTC 2.6.4 – Example FLTC – Example FLTC 2 – Example 2.6.1 Large Aperture Ground Based Surveillance & Characterization 2.6.2 Affordable EO Network for Comprehensive Space Object Identification (SOI) 2.6.3 Integrated Space Environment Forecast Model 2.6.4 Space-Based, Persistent, High Fidelity Sensing Anticipatory Command, Control & Intelligence (C2I) Dominant Difficult Surface Target Engagement/Defeat Persistent & Responsive Precision Engagement Assured Operations in High Threat Environments Dominant Offensive Cyber Engagement On-demand Force Projection, Anywhere Affordable Mission Generation & Sustainment Unprecedented Proactive Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (IS&R) 2.1 Enable High Performance Networks for Assured C2 and Sensing 2.2 Persistently Deliver Fused Multi-Source IS&R for Total Battlespace Awareness 2.3 Assure Closed-Loop C2ISR Sensing and Processing (anticipatory) 2.4 Generate Wide-Area, Long Range, Detection and Tracking 2.5 Deliver High-Volume, Super Resolution Imagery of Anywhere, Anytime X+ Resolution Find Y- size space objects Z+ Bandwidth 2.6 Provide Comprehensive Space Situational Awareness 2.6.4 Space-based, persistent, high fidelity sensing Problem Statement #1 Problem Statement #3 Problem Statement #4 Problem Statement #5 Problem Statement #2 FLTC #2 FLTC #1 FLTC #3 FLTC #4 FLTC #5 FLTC #6 FLTC #7 FLTC #8 X Resolution Find Y size space objects Z Bandwidth X++ Resolution Find Y-- size space objects Z++ Bandwidth Problem Statement #6 Near Mid Far Attribute Evolution Mid-Term Concept 2.6.4 Mid-Term Concept 2.6.3 Mid-Term Concept 2.6.2 Mid-Term Concept 2.6.1 Far-Term Concept 2.6.4 Far-Term Concept 2.6.3 Far-Term Concept 2.6.2 Near-Term Concept 2.6.4 Near-Term Concept 2.6.3 Near-Term Concept 2.6.1 Near-Term Concept 2.6.5 Mid-Term Concept 2.6.4 8

9. FLTC 2.6.4 – Example Unprecedented Proactive Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (IS&R) 2.6 Provide Comprehensive Space Situational Awareness Problem Statement #6 FLTC #2 Mid-Term Concept 2.6.4 2.6.4 Space-based, persistent, high fidelity sensing Lightweight SSA sensor system Product 2.6.4.1 Product 2.6.4.2 TRL Internally Funded Program Jointly Funded Program Partially or Un- Funded Program Externally Funded Program TRL MRL TRL Technology Readiness Level MRL Manufacture Readiness Level Small/Nano-sat SSA spacecraft 9

10. FLTC 1 FLTC 8 Air Space Cyber Far Mid Near FLTCs Discovery: Defines the Art of the Possible Entire AFRL Portfolio Must be Viewed in Multiple Dimensions Example: N-dimensional “Rubik’s Cube” Core Technical Competencies underlie both FLTCs and Discovery FLTC n, Air, Far-Term

11. Capability Concept Prioritization Prioritize Near/Mid/Far Capability Concepts into Tier 1/2/3 - FLTC Directors Tier within each of 8 FLTCs - FLTC Council integrates 8 inputs into single set 1.Apply Criteria to each Capability Concept - Is it worthy? - Are we the right people to do this? - Can we make acceptable progress? - Other criteria as determined by FLTC Director 2.Use numerical and qualitative methods - Specific “cookie-cutter” approaches not directed - FLTC Directors must work with each other to avoid unintended fratricide - Identify and share Best Practices NEARMIDFAR TIER 1 TIER 2 TIER 3

12. Summary: Considerations Use the AFSO21 tools! Remember to work both mission and sustainment Your job is to “respond to needs” and “lead discovery” Have a disciplined process… …that allows creativity and judgment! Strive for a “Well-Considered Balance”