1. 11.11.2015 Seite 1 Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Transport Technologies in Technology Needs Assessments (TNA) Daniel Bongardt, GIZ, Bonn, June 1st 2011

2. 11.11.2015 Seite 2 Renewable Energy and Energy Efficient Technology (incl. Industry, Building & Residential)

3. 11.11.2015 Seite 3 Renewable Energy Priorities  Wind mostly in R&D  70% prioritize solar technology  +50% prioritize hydro power

4. 11.11.2015 Seite 4 Energy Efficient Technology Priorities  Energy efficient appliances for hh (cooking, heating)  Cleaner production methods

5. 11.11.2015 Seite 5 Capacity Building Needs  Capacity to access funding  Capacity to access/ disseminate information  Training of technichians, education of consumers

6. 11.11.2015 Seite 6 Energy Efficient Technology in the Transport Sector

7. 11.11.2015 Seite 7 Transport sector priorities About 50 of the TNA reports include a chapter on transportation

8. 11.11.2015 Seite 8 Climate-friendly transport technologies 11/11/2015 System Level Vehicle Level Infrastructure Vehicles Fuels Operation & Management Design technology, tools and software => assist in assessing, designing and planning low carbon transport -> technology of the built environment and the physical basis of transport systems -> technology and infrastructure that enable transport systems to function -> fuel technologies can transform the carbon emissions of vehicles -> New vehicle technology can significantly reduce carbon emissions

10. 11.11.2015 Seite 10  Many of the actions proposed in the Country Reports are comparatively low-tech and low cost and offer several co- benefits  The main focus is on public transportation systems and cleaner vehicles and fuels, but soft technologies matter!  Some listed high-cost options (like hydrogen engines) will be difficult to implement.  TNA-Handbook and TechWiki improved considerably. Transport sector

11. 11.11.2015 Seite 11 Conclusion  Variation in structure & quality limits standardized analysis  Industry, Building & Residential: Energy efficient techn. for hh/residential most frequently addressed & easily available  Transport: Cleaner technologies & public transportation most often addressed & mostly available  Information and funding needs most frequently expressed  Need to link to NAMAs and NAPAS? UNDP (2010)

12. 11.11.2015 Seite 12 Recommendations Keep reports short and focused Focus on country-specific information Avoid general descriptions of technologies Include non-technological options in TNAssess/ClimateTechWiki (e.g. DSM) Don‘t forget already adopted options (e.g. wind energy for water pumping, Public transport…) Continue/increase technical support for TNA analysis

13. 11.11.2015 Seite 13 Thank you.

14. 11.11.2015 Seite 14 References  TNA Country Reports http://unfccc.int/ttclear/jsp/CountryReports.jsp http://unfccc.int/ttclear/jsp/CountryReports.jsp  UNDP/UNFCCC TNA Handbook, 2010 http://unfccc.int/ttclear/jsp/TNAHandbook.jsp http://unfccc.int/ttclear/jsp/TNAHandbook.jsp  ClimateTechWiki http://climatetechwiki.org/ http://climatetechwiki.org/  TNAssess (under construction, Nov. 2010) http://portal.climatetechwiki.org/index_climatechwiki. html http://portal.climatetechwiki.org/index_climatechwiki. html [November 2010]

15. 11.11.2015 Seite 15 Page 15 Design technology, tools and software Sub-sectorExample for Technologies Cross modal aspects  High density mixed use development  Transport-oriented development Non-motorised transport  Pedestrian street design software  Cycling assessment tools Road-based public transport  GIS tools on public transport accessibility  Eco-driving training simulators Rail-based public transport  Public transport fleet system and route planning software (and integration tools) Private vehicles (i.e. cars, motorbikes and 3-wheelers)  Road pricing/congestion charging systems Inland waterways  Route and load planning software Freight  Fleet management and route planning software

16. 11.11.2015 Seite 16 Page 16 ASI - Approach SHIFT Shift to more environmentally friendly modes Transport Demand Management Mode shift to Non- Motorized Transport Mode shift to Public Transport … AVOID/REDUCE Reduce or avoid travel or the need to travel Integration of transport and land-use planning Smart logistics concepts … IMPROVE Improve the energy efficiency of transport modes and vehicle technology Low-friction lubricants Optimal tire pressure Low Rolling Resistance Tires Speed limits Eco-Driving (Raising Awareness) Shift to alternative fuels … 1 23

17. 11.11.2015 Seite 17 Page 1711/11/2015 17 Built-up Area of Atlanta and Barcelona at Same Scale 1

18. 11.11.2015 Seite 18 Page 18 How far can I travel on 1 ton CO 2 ? Source: GTZ Sourcebook Module “Transport and Climate Change”, 2007, based on Hook / Wright, 2002 2

19. 11.11.2015 Seite 19 Page 19  19 000 2 000 Mixed Traffic  80 000 Heavy Rail (e.g. Hong Kong)                   100 000 Suburban Rail (e.g. Mumbai) Corridor Capacity (people per hour on 3.5 m wide lane in the city)     14 000    Cyclists       17 000 BRT single lane Pedestrians 9 000    Regular Bus 45 000 BRT double lane             Light Rail         22 000 2 Source: Botma & Papendrecht, TU Delft 1991 and own figures

20. 11.11.2015 Seite 20 Page 20 gearbox with long transmission narrower low rolling resistance tires smoth covers smoth under flow lower body engine stop at idling gearshift indicator Latent- heat storage Light weight seats 3 Efficiency Source: Axel Friedrich

21. 11.11.2015 Seite 21 Energy Efficient Transport Needs Early Action Early shift to public transport is more feasible and cheaper Slide by Reiner Koblo, KfW, 2009