1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم UMM AL-QURQ UNIVERSITY Faculty of Medicine Dep. Of BIOCHEMISTRY

2. Training the student about: Training the student about: Use of the analytical balance. Use of the analytical balance. Volumetric glassware measurement. Volumetric glassware measurement. Use of digital and glass pipettes. Use of digital and glass pipettes. Ideal preparation of different types of solutions (Standard, Saturated, Unsaturated and Percent solutions). Ideal preparation of different types of solutions (Standard, Saturated, Unsaturated and Percent solutions). OBJECTIVES:

3. Normality (g eq/L): The concentration of a solution in equivalents per liter. Normality (g eq/L): The concentration of a solution in equivalents per liter. Molarity (W/V): The concentration of a solution in units of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molarity (W/V): The concentration of a solution in units of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality (W/W): Mole (mol.): A mass of a pure substance equal to its formula weight in grams (g). Molality (W/W): Mole (mol.): A mass of a pure substance equal to its formula weight in grams (g). Definitions:

4. In case of solids: 1 molar solution = M.W in gms. x 100/ purity% g/l. Example : 1 molar solution of NaOH = 40 x 100/96.0 g/l. In case of liquids: 1 molar solution = M.W x 100/purity x Sp.Gr. g/l. Example: 1 molar solution of acetic acid = 60.05 x 100/99.5 x 1.049 g/l.

5. Experiment 1: The use of Analytical Balance. Take two conical flasks. Take two conical flasks. Place distilled water in one flask and tape water in the other. Place distilled water in one flask and tape water in the other. Weigh 5 ml. of water six times from each flask using the analytical balance. Weigh 5 ml. of water six times from each flask using the analytical balance. Express your results in the table. Express your results in the table.

6. x0 or = C.V. (Co. Var.)% = x 100

7. Experiment 2: Assessment of Normality and Molarity Read the given details of the reagent from its bottle: Read the given details of the reagent from its bottle: M.W. M.W. Sp. Gr. / or wt/v at 20 c. Sp. Gr. / or wt/v at 20 c. Purity % Purity % Prepare the given table: Prepare the given table:

8. Experiment 3: preparation of standard solutions. Prepare 250 ml. of 2M HCl. And NaOH solutions (see the table above). Prepare 250 ml. of 2M HCl. And NaOH solutions (see the table above). Keep the solutions for the next practical. Keep the solutions for the next practical.

9. Experiment 4: preparation of saturated solutions. Prepare 20 ml. of saturated solution of Sodium chloride and Ammonium sulphate. Prepare 20 ml. of saturated solution of Sodium chloride and Ammonium sulphate.

10. Experiment 5: preparation of percent solutions. Prepare 100 ml. of percent solutions of Sodium chloride and Ammonium sulphate. Prepare 100 ml. of percent solutions of Sodium chloride and Ammonium sulphate.

11. ABDULLATIF TAHA ABDULLA MSc. BIOCHEMISTRY