1. Bill Ringer
Balance the follwing equation and pridict the type of reaction
a. Ca N > Ca3N2
b. Cu2S > Cu +S
c. NaBr + F > NaF + Br2
d. CH O > CO2 + H2O

2. And single replacement reactions
Activity Series
And single replacement reactions

3. Explore
sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/ho me.html
Have students make a chart of both the metals and the solutions and have them write their observations in the chart. Can go on as long as you need it.

4. Review! In the equation CaCO3 + HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Which side are the reactants on?
How many reactants are there?
How many products are there?
Which elements are in the products that are not in the reactants?
1. Left none, you use only the elements that are part of the reactants in the reaction

5. Review! What is an element? What is a compound?
Consists of only one kind of atom, cannot be broken down further by chemical means
What is a compound?
Any substance made up of 2 or more different elements

6. Single Replacement Reactions
Where a reactive lone element replaces another, but less reactive, element that is already in a compound
A + BX  AX + B

7. Some examples (only copy one)
1. Fe + 2HCl  FeCl2 + H2
Iron (Fe) replaces the Hydrogen (H)
2. Zn + HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
Zinc (Zn) replaces the Hydrogen (H)
3. Fe + Cu(NO3)2   Fe(NO3)2 + Cu
Iron (Fe) replaces the Copper (Cu)

8. Some examples 1. Fe + 2HCl  FeCl2 + H2
Iron (Fe) replaces the Hydrogen (H)
2. Zn + HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
Zinc (Zn) replaces the Hydrogen (H)
3. Fe + Cu(NO3)2   Fe(NO3)2 + Cu
Iron (Fe) replaces the Copper (Cu)

9. Single Replacement Reactions
So how do we know which element replaces what?
Cu + AgNO3  ?
This is where something called the activity series comes in
Students do not need to write this

10. Activity series breakdown
The ability of an element to react
The easier it reacts, the higher the activity
Activity Series
A list of elements organized according to activities from highest to lowest

11. Highest Lowest Activity Series Chart Metals Non-Metals
Lithium (Li) Fluorine (F)
Potassium (K) Chlorine (Cl)
Barium (Ba) Bromine (Br)
Strontium (Sr) Iodine (I)
Calcium (Ca)
Sodium (Na)
Magnesium (Mg)
Aluminum (Al)
Manganese (Mn)
Zinc (Zn)
Iron (Fe)
Cadmium (Cd)
Cobalt (Co)
Nickel (Ni)
Tin (Sn)
Lead (Pb)
Hydrogen (H)
Copper (Cu)
Silver (Ag)
Mercury (Hg)
Gold (Au)
Highest
Lowest

12. Activity Series The activity series mostly involves metals
Most non-metals (Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, etc.) do not replace other elements
The Halogen family are the only non-metals that will be involved in single replacement reactions. (and only a few of them at that)
They can only replace other halogens

13. Let’s Practice
Which element would replace the other if it were in a compound?
1. calcium, tin
Calcium!
2. bromine, fluorine
Fluorine!
3. aluminum, potassium
Potassium!
4. zinc, sodium
Sodium!

14. More Practice
Which element would replace the other if it were in a compound? Also write out the names of the elements.
1. Fe or Cu
Iron!
2. I or Cl
Chlorine!
3. Ag or Pb
Lead!
4. Hg or Co
Cobalt!

15. Think about this
Using the activity series for metals, explain why copper metal is used in plumbing where the water might contain compounds of many different metals.
Write down your answer, we’ll talk about it in 2 minutes
So why don’t we use anything that is less reactive than copper?
Copper is low on the activity series, therefore it won’t react with many other elements. This causes the plumbing pipes to stay intact and not erode.

16. Reactions in your groups
For the following reactions, do the following:
A: Predict the products of the following reactions. If no reaction, write N.R.
B: Balance the final equation
We’ll do the first one together

17. Li(s) + Fe(NO3)3(aq)  __________
Au(s) + HCl(aq)  _____________
Al(s) + Cu(NO3)3(aq)  _________

18. Answers! Fe + 3LiNO3 No Reaction Cu + AlNO3
Probably shouldn’t be worrying about balancing equations right now since we haven’t taught it but change if you need to

19. Food for thought
You may be wondering why Li, Au, Fe, Al, Cu etc. are in equations without subscripts or coefficients
This is because metals can exist in a somewhat stable form by themselves.
Things like H, Br, and Cl cannot which is why they are always H2 Br2 and Cl2

20. Independent Practice
Work on the Activity Series practice sheet for the rest of the period.
Please let me know if you have any questions

21. Extra Practice
Here are some completed reactions. Using your knowledge of the activity series, indicate which side are the reactants and which side are the products.
Use the “Yield” arrow to show this

22. Cu + ZnCl2 ___ Zn + CuCl2
I2 + NaCl ___ Cl2 + NaI
Mg + HCl ___ MgCl2 + H2
Zn + H2SO4 ___ Zn SO4 + H2
2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 ___ Cu + 2AgNO3
2Li + 2H2O ___ 2LiOH + H2

23. Answers  

24. Exit Slip!
Which one will replace the other in a reaction? 1. Lithium or Hydrogen? 2. Lead or Chlorine? Complete the following reaction: 3. Cl2(g) + KBr(aq)  _______
1. Lithium None! Metals and non-metals do not replace each other 3. Br2 + 2KCl