1. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 1 Development of DICOS: Data Format and Transmission Standard for Security Screening NEMA - The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers Defense Daily Open Architecture Summit November 18, 2010

2. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 2 What is NEMA? Founded in 1926 ≈ 450 member companies in 55 sections (product categories) that manufacture products used in the generation, transmission and distribution, control, and end-use of electricity. Medical Imaging & Technology Alliance (MITA), a division of NEMA, developed & maintains DICOM  a global information technology standard—used in virtually all hospitals worldwide  ensures interoperability of systems that produce, store, display, process, send, and retrieve medical images and manage related workflow. ANSI-accredited Standards Developer Manages 500 standards; about half are ANSI standards

3. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 3 NEMA Objective Maintain and extend DICOS airport security implementations, enabling scanning equipment interoperability Ensure that DICOS capabilities extend to cargo screening and border protection activities to further the DHS/TSA mission

4. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 4 Security Equipment Communication DICOS enables sharing data among different vendors’ equipment. Data includes:  Images and metadata  Results of Automated Threat Detection (ATD) algorithms  Operator/TSO decisions

5. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 5 Equipment Interoperability With interoperability, screening equipment could produce, store, display, process, send, and retrieve information — without regard to manufacturer Use different Automated Target Recognition (ATR) / Automated Threat Detection (ATD) algorithms as needed DICOS specifically addresses the interoperability challenge

6. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 6 NEMA Members Member Manufacturers  Analogic Corp.  Applied Visual Sciences  AS&E  Aware Inc.  Brijot Imaging  DatCard Systems  General Dynamics  L-3 Communications  Optosecurity Inc.  Rapiscan Systems  Reveal Imaging  Safran/Morpho Detection  Siemens Corp.  Smiths Detection  SureScan Corp.  TeleSecurity Sciences

7. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 7 NEMA DICOS Contributors  Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  Battelle Memorial Institute  U.S. Navy SPAWAR Systems Center, Pacific  Sandia National Laboratories  U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

8. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 8 DICOS Project Development NEMA has standards development expertise, member technical expertise, and DICOM experience A standards project is born  At the request of DHS, DICOM (medical) was adapted into DICOS (security)  DICOM provided a sound technical basis for DICOS development  Many existing DICOM services and data infrastructure were inherited and leveraged without change

9. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 9 DICOM versus DICOS DICOM Patient Subject of Exam = Patient Only About 3 patients per hour/CT device, depending on complexity of exam, with scans ≈ 8 bags DICOS Passenger Subject of Exam = Passenger + checked bags + carry-on 1,000 bags per hour/CT device

10. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 10 DICOS Project Status – Phase 1 Complete Published NEMA IIC 1 v01 (DICOS v01) August 2010 DICOS overview, including roots in DICOM Addresses data representation for CT, DX, TDR Security scan site agnostic

11. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 11 NEMA Role – How We Work DICOM experience Facilitate member discussion & decision  Teleconferences – Working Groups Meeting times determined by the WG  Full Section and Technical Committee Face-to-face Meetings and teleconferences Monthly Status Update to DHS compiled/ distributed by NEMA

12. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 12 Challenges Open standards development arena vs. security-sensitive / classified information Extensibility International Implementation Speed vs Consensus

13. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers Additional Steps Ensure DICOS is developed with extensibility in mind  A standard that can be applied to any potential security scanning environment, including port cargo inspections, customs inspections, border patrol stations  Include the ability to share images and data reports, to include possible “remote screening” applications  Incorporate appropriate data encryption safeguards for shared data  Extend DICOS to support software interoperability that will facilitate rapid update of threat detection algorithms 13

14. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers Additional Steps Extend DICOS implementations to include border protection and cargo security applications Integrate security checkpoints to create an “electronic border” capable of seamlessly sharing all data, regardless of source Formulate a plan to address unique DHS cargo security and border protection needs with DICOS

15. 83 years of excellence The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers 15 Q & A