1. The Development of the Cell Theory Biology 11 Prepared by: Ms. Bowie

2. The _______ __________ States: As written by Rudolph __________ (1821-1902): – All living organisms are made of one or more _______. – Cells are the basic units of ____________________ & ______________________ in all organisms. – All cells come from ______________________________. – The activity of an entire organism depends on the total activity of its independent cells.

3. 334 B.C.E - ____________________ Greek philosopher, Aristotle, begins to observe nature. He classifies all known organisms as either: – ___________________ or _______________________. He writes that living things can arise _________________________ from ______________________matter. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory

4. 1268 – 1 st _____________________________ Roger __________________, an English friar makes reference to a pair of eye glasses. This means that _________________ is being developed and used in a way that makes it easier to see small things. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory

5. 1590 – 1 st ______________________ Zacharias _________________, a Dutch eyeglass maker, makes the 1 st ___________________________ by placing two ____________________ on top of one another to make extra-large images. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory

6. 1665 – 1 st ____________________ Seen Robert ______________ (1635-1703) publishes a book that shows illustrations of tree bark lining as seen through a simple compound (2 lens) microscope. He coined the term “Cell” because the boxes he saw in the cork looked like the ____________________________ which were known as _____________ 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory

7. Francesco ______________ (1626-1697) conducts experiments to prove that maggots do not appear in meat if flies cannot land on it! Good-bye idea of ____________________ ___________________________ 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory William Harvey English Physician 1578-1657 1668 – 1 st Experiments about origins of maggots

8. Anton van _____________________________ (1632-1723) reports being able to see tiny beasties (0.002 mm) using a simple single-lens microscope. Now we have discovered that microscopic organisms exist. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1674 – 1 st _________________________________________Seen!

9. Carolus Linnaeus (1707- 1778) begins to show people the great diversity of living things by exploring methods of classifying them into 5 main Kingdoms. Again, it took about 2000 years to “correct” Aristotle’s notion of a 2 kingdom system of classification. By the way – we now have a 6 kingdom system! 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1753 – Birth of Classification

10. Microscopes become sturdier and easier to use. Flaws in glass production still causes images to be blurry and have coloured halos. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1770 – Advancement of Microscopes

11. Lots of interest in science Public lectures are popular The wealthy mount expeditions to collect new specimens The HMS Investigator goes on a 5 year voyage of discovery. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1800’s – Support for Science Grows

12. Jane Haldimand (1769-1858) writes textbooks for young people to learn about science. Terms such as “cell”, “cellular system” and “Cellular tissue” appear in the book. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1809 – 1 st Science Texts for Students

13. Microscope quality improves with the production of better glass. Many English companies compete to produce the best microscope. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1820’s – Better Glass = Better Lens

14. Francois Vincent Raspail (1794-1878) wrote a book called (translated from Latin) “Every cell is derived from a preexisting cell”. This again puts to rest the idea of spontaneous generation. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1825 – Book “Cells from Cells”

15. Robert ______________________ (1773-1858) is the 1 st to consider the ____________________ as a regular part of a living cell. The nucleus is still hard to see though without the invention of the electric light for his microscope. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1831 – ________________of Cell Found

16. Matthias Jacob _____________________ (1804-1881) makes the claim “All __________________ are made of _________________”. Cells are alive! 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1838 – _________________ cells!

17. Theodor ________________ (1810-1882) makes the claim “All _____________are made of cells”. “All living things are made of cells” Cells are ___________________ ______________________of life! 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1839 – _________________ cells!

18. Rudolph ______________________ (1821-1902) develops his _________ Theory that is still largely accepted today. 500 BCE 300 BCE 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Timeline of the discoveries, thoughts and technologies that led to the development of the Cell Theory 1858 – ____________________ Outlined