1. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Workflow-Driven Ontologies for the Geosciences Leonardo Salayandía The University of Texas at El Paso

2. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Overview Background –Cyberinfrastructure –Ontologies –Workflows Purpose of this talk The Workflow-Driven Ontology approach –Knowledge capture –Workflow creation from WDOs –Benefits of WDOs Status Summary

3. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure S-wave tomography models GPS plate motion vectors Global Strain Rate Map GEON IDV (Integrated Data Viewer) [http://geon.unavco.org]

4. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure S-wave tomography models GPS plate motion vectors Global Strain Rate Map GEON IDV Distributed sources of information Information in different formats Distributed tools and applications

5. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure People and resources connected through the web Enhanced collaboration over distance, time, and disciplines –Interoperate across institutions and disciplines –Preserve and maintain availability of software and data

6. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure People and resources connected through the web Enhanced collaboration over distance, time, and disciplines –Interoperate across institutions and disciplines –Preserve and maintain availability of software and data

7. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Ontologies A specification of a conceptualization Concepts (or classes of objects) –Concept1: S-wave tomography model (TM) –Concept2: Geospatial representation Relationships between concepts –S-wave TM HAS Geospatial Representation

8. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Workflows Recipes for accomplishing some complex task Composition of service modules (CI services) Automate tedious and time-consuming tasks Useful for experiment replication Example:

9. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Workflows Recipes for accomplishing some complex task Composition of service modules (CI services) Automate tedious and time-consuming tasks Useful for experiment recreation Example: S-wave tomography data Create Model S-wave tomography model Service to get the data Service to transform data Transformed data outcome

10. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure [B. Ludäescher, 2006]

11. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Cyberinfrastructure [B. Ludäescher, 2006] Workflows Ontologies

12. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Purpose of talk Show an approach for scientists to capture knowledge in a way that can be leveraged towards CI –Create ontology specifications –Generate workflows from ontologies

13. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Purpose of talk Show an approach for scientists to capture knowledge in a way that can be leveraged towards CI –Create ontology specifications –Generate workflows from ontologies Workflow-Driven Ontologies (WDOs)

14. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Example: Gravity WDO Geoscientist I use geophysical data to elucidate the tectonic development of the North American craton I want to produce a gravity data contour map. These are the steps that I go through to do it: Contour Map Grid Gravity Data Get the data Create a grid of uniformly distributed points from this data Use the grid as input to render the map Dr. Randy Keller

15. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Capture Knowledge Contour Map Grid Gravity Data Different types of Information

16. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Capture Knowledge Contour Map Grid Gravity Data Information Raw Data Processed Data Product How is the information transformed? Is converted to Is rendered into

17. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Capture Knowledge Contour Map Grid Gravity Data Information Raw Data Processed Data Product Contouring Algorithm Gridding Algorithm Methods Is input into Outputs Is converted to Is rendered into

18. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Class Hierarchy for WDOs Root InformationMethods DataProduct Raw Data Processed Data Gravity DataGridContour Map Gridding Contouring Common classes for all WDOs Classes specific to the Gravity WDO

19. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Workflow specification generated from Gravity WDO Root InformationMethods DataProduct Raw Data Processed Data Gravity DataGrid Gridding Is input into Outputs CI Service1: Gravity Data Extraction CI Service2: Gridding Result Mapping between WDO classes and CI services

20. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 From workflow specification to workflow implementation Workflow engines: –Kepler scientific workflows (GEON et al.) –OWL-S (Semantic Web) –Many others… Workflow specifications produced from WDOs can potentially be “realized” in any service-oriented workflow engine

21. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Benefits of WDOs Scientific products drive the creation of the WDO –Incremental development WDO serves as roadmap for future CI service development –Identify missing services for potentially useful workflows Generated workflows serve as a gauge for the usefulness of an ontology

22. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Status Gravity WDO prototype –Workflows in the process of being implemented in the Kepler Scientific Workflow Engine WDO Assistant and API software

23. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 The Gravity WDO First WDO prototype (Flor Salcedo, Randy Keller, and Ann Gates)

24. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Status Gravity WDO prototype –Workflows in the process of being implemented in the Kepler Scientific Workflow Engine WDO Assistant and API software

25. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 WDO Assistant and API Prototype built on top of the Jena API –Java programming language Three modes of operation –Brainstorming –Elicitation –Workflow Generation

26. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 WDO Assistant and API Brainstorming mode –Scientists define concepts that relate to CI information and methods

27. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 WDO Assistant and API Elicitation mode –Scientists define relationships between concepts

28. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 WDO Assistant and API Workflow Generation mode –Scientists choose information concept for which to generate a workflow, as well as target workflow engine

29. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Future Work CI-Miner –Provenance information –Trust information –Preferences

30. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 OWL onts. Generic CI Portal WDOs Composite OWL-S Service WFGen Atomic OWL-S Service PSW A Service Answer/ provenance visualization CI-Trust CI Miner PML TrustNet CI-Base (IWBase) Service execution OWL-S API CI-Browser ontologies calls uses Legend creates Trust Recommendation CI-Browser WDO API JENA CI Background Tools WDO Assistant Knowledge capture Protégé, SWOOP

31. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Summary In order to realize the goals of CI there is a need to –Capture domain knowledge –Use the domain knowledge to “glue” resources together The WDO approach –Allows scientists (not computer programmers) to incrementally capture knowledge as needed –Facilitates communication between scientists and computer programmers to produce CI resources that “stick” to other resources

32. GEON Cyberinfrastructure Workshop Beijing, China, July 21-23, 2006 Thank you