1. Middle Ages: Feudalism
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
EQ: How do social
hierarchies develop?

2. Home Learning: Define Vocabulary, Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Feudalism
vassal
Fief
Knight
feudal contract
chivalry

3. The End of the Carolingian Empire
Carolingian Empire slowly falls after the death of Charlemagne
His empire is divided into three part (West, Middle, and Eastern Kingdom)—his grandsons fight for control of the regions.
West is invaded by the Vikings from Norway, Denmark, and Sweden (Scandinavia).

5. THE VIKINGS ARE COMING!

6. WHO ARE THE VIKINGS? Scandinavian adventurers and “barbarians”
They searched for spoils of war and adventure  invaded many areas of Europe.
Sacked villages and towns, destroyed churches, and defeated small armies

7. Activity: The Vikings Read The End of the Carolingian Empire (pg.64)
Answer the following Progress Check Question
What factors helped the Vikings invade Europe successfully?

8. Feudalism Begins
Inside medieval life video
Decline of Carolingian Empire led to breakdown central government.
People lose trust in their rulers turn to local landed aristocrats (lords or nobles) for protection because the rulers could no longer protect them.
Feudalism: A new political and social system that exchanged work for land and protection.
Inside medieval life video
What were the three classes or orders that divided medieval society?
What purposes did castles serve in medieval society?
Describe the role war played in medieval society.

9. Feudal Society
Nobles (lords) gained power by providing protection and land in return for service.
New social and political order of feudalism arose.
o Lords exerted control over large territories.
o Land was offered in exchange for sworn allegiance and other obligations (fighting)
o Vassals and knights provided military service to their lords
The lords (nobles) would then take care of their knights/vassals by paying them with land.

10. Knights in armor
Knights: A type of Vassal  they would fight on horseback in the cavalry.
They were awarded lands (fief) for their fighting.
The relationships between lord and vassal were brought together by a feudal contract
fief

11. Structure of Feudal Society
Local lords were the political, social, and economic authorities—not a king.
Multiple landholders maintained order instead of a single government
As a result who ever owned more land and had more wealth ruled over more people

12. Activity: Graphic Organizer
Read page 65-66: “The Development of Feudalism.”
1. Graphic Organizer: Complete the following organizer: Identify four characteristics of Feudalism
2. Answer Question: What held European society together after the fall of the Carolingian Empire?
Feudalism

13. 3. Pyramid Diagram (Groups)
1. Draw a feudal pyramid like the one you see above.
2. In white the spaces explain what each group provided to the next group with (e.g., what did the higher group give the lower group?)
3. In the yellow spaces explain the service that each group provided
(e.g., what service did the lower group give the higher group?)
4. Use the vocabulary words in he explanations: feudalism, fief, vassal, knight, feudal contract, chivalry

14. Knights: The Code of Chivalry
In the 11th and 12th centuries, the idea of chivalry developed.
It began in literature as poets/writers spread romantic tales of noble, usually fictitious, knights.
These stories developed into a set of rules and behaviors that knights were called on to follow.
The ideal heroic knight was influenced by courtesy, fairness, piety, and devotion to an honorable idea.

18. THE NORMANS COME TO ENGLAND
Normans took over England in 1066  took the power away from the Anglo-Saxon tribe.
William of Normandy became the king of England after the Battle of Hastings.
They mixed Norman and Anglo-Saxon cultures.

19. A Change to the Law
Magna Carta, “the Great Charter”  document saying people have rights
It said the relationship between the king and his vassals is one of mutual rights and obligations.
A king could not have absolute power
 no imprisonment without charges

20. THE PLAGUE ARRIVES
The Black Death was the most devastating natural disaster in European history.
The people saw the plague as an evil force they could not understand.

21. SPREAD OF THE PLAGUE
The most common form of the Black Death was the Bubonic plague, which was spread by rats and fleas on ships.
The path of the Black Death usually followed trade routes.

22. THE BLACK DEATH DESTROYS
Out of a total population of 75 million, 38 million died of the plague.
(Half the European population)
The economy declined trade declined, shortage of workers, falling prices of food.

23. JEWS ARE TO BLAME
Anti-Semitism grew, as people blamed Jews for the plague.
Jews were accused of poisoning the wells in towns, and causing the plague to spread.
The people thought the plague was a punishment from God, or the devil.

24. 3 Effects of the Black Death on Europe