1. Exam #2 F 3/5 in class (bring cheat sheet) Review Th-3/4 from 5-7pm in PAI 3.02

2. Not all habitats are equal How do stable ecosystems develop?

3. Primary Succession- the first organisms to colonize bare rock Secondary Succession- recovery from a disturbance

4. Primary Succession- from non-living to living

5. Primary succession as this glacier retreats Fig 54.22

6. Primary Succession after glacier retreat, 150-300 years Fig 54.22

7. in Primary Succession biodiversity increases as resources become available Fig 54.22

8. Primary Succession: each stage helps enable the next Fig 54.23

9. Secondary Succession: after a fire Fig 54.21

10. Grassland biodiversity and biomass are increased by regular burns

11. Secondary Succession of a field (20 yrs)

12. Disturbances can increase resources, but disturb the interconnections between organisms

13. Human vs Natural Disturbances

14. Chernobyl fire April 26, 1986 See this video for some additional info about Chernobyl:http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=110816317 1078608385http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=110816317 1078608385

15. The Chernobyl accident was by far the largest unintentional release of radioactive material into the environment and caused widespread contamination in Europe.

16. After the accident on April 26, 1986, ~116,000 people were evacuated, most from a zone of 30-km radius. That included about 45,000 people from the town of Pripyat.

17. The most heavily exposed emergency workers received doses that were sufficiently high to kill them in the weeks and months after the accident.

18. Chernobyl April 26, 1986 Cancer consequences of the Chernobyl accident: 20 years on J. Radiological Protection 26 (2006) 127–140 Elisabeth Cardis et al.

19. Mitosis

20. Cancer: Cell Division Gone Wrong

21. Multiple mutations are required for a single cell to become cancerous.

23. The rapidity of increased childhood thyroid cancer in the heavily contaminated areas of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia was surprising. 4 years

24. The issue of the effects on health of the Chernobyl accident has become part of the political debate over the future role of nuclear energy, which has inevitably led to dispute over the level of effects either observed or anticipated.

25. After the accident on April 26, 1986, ~116,000 people were evacuated, most from a zone of 30-km radius. That included about 45,000 people from the town of Pripyat.

27. Another video about what has happened since the accident: http://www.vbs.tv/watch/the-vice-guide-to-travel/the-radioactive-beasts-of-chernobyl For more pictures: http://www.nikongear.com/Chernobyl/Chernobyl_1.htmhttp://www.nikongear.com/Chernobyl/Chernobyl_1.htm

28. What about non-human inhabitants? turtle in exclusion zone

29. Exam #2 F 3/5 in class (bring cheat sheet) Review Th-3/4 from 5-7pm in PAI 3.02