1. Drill: Determine the KQ/HQ ratio to make a buffer solution with a pH of 4.70 K a for HQ = 3.0 x 10 -5

2. Drill: Calculate [H 2 Q], [HQ - ], [Q -2 ], [H + ], & pH of 0.20 M KHQ. Ka 1 = 2.0 x 10 -4 Ka 2 = 8.0 x 10 -9

3. Solubility

4. The amount of one substance that will dissolve in another

5. Precipitation When dissolved particles join together forming a new phase and exit the solution

6. Precipitate (ppt) The new phase that forms and leaves the solution

7. Ppt Examples Water vapor combining to form rain Dissolved ions combining to form a solid

8. Saturated Solution When the maximum amount of one substance is dissolved in another

9. Precipitation When more than the maximum amount of solute is added to a solution, a ppt will form

10. Write the equilibrium expression for AgCl (s) Ag + + Cl -

11. Solubility Product MX (s) M + (aq) + X - (aq) Ksp =[M + ][X - ]

12. Solubility Product MX 2(s) M +2 (aq) + 2 X - (aq) Ksp =[M +2 ][X - ] 2

13. Drill: Write the equilibrium expression for: Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3

14. Drill: Write the reaction & equilibrium expression when solid Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 is added to water.

15. Solubility Calculations

16. Calculate the solubility of BaSO 4(s) Ksp = 1.2 x 10 -10

17. Solubility Product BaSO 4(s) Ba +2 (aq) + SO 4 -2 (aq) Ksp =[Ba +2 ][SO 4 -2 ]

18. Calculate the solubility of SrCr 2 O 7(s) Ksp = 2.5 x 10 -13

19. Calculate the solubility of PbI 2(s) K sp = 8.0 x 10 -9

20. Calculate the solubility of Mn 2 S 3(s) K sp = 1 x 10 -98

21. Drill: Calculate the solubility of M 3 X 4 K sp for M 3 X 4 = 6.9 x 10 -207

22. Solubility Concepts AgI (s) Ag + + I - K sp = [Ag + ][I - ] at Eq. Q sp = [Ag + ][I - ] init.

23. Solubility Concepts If Q sp > K sp a precipitate will form If Q sp < K sp no precipitate will form

24. 150 mL 0.010 M KI is added to 100 mL 0.010 M Pb(NO 3 ) 2. K sp for PbI 2 = 8.0 x 10 -9 Will a ppt form?

25. AP CHM HW Read: Chapter 16 Problem: 13 Page: 463

26. CHM II HW Read: Chapter 20 Problem: 17 Page: 843

27. Drill: 10.0 mL 0.050 M KCl is added to 15 mL 0.075 M Pb(NO 3 ) 2. K sp = 1.7 x 10 -5 Will a ppt form?

28. Drill: Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) K sp = 1.5 x 10 -16

29. Common Ion Solubility Calculations

30. Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) in 0.10 M NaI K sp = 1.5 x 10 -16

31. Common Ion Effect Solubility of a solid is reduced when one of its ions is already in solution

32. Calculate the solubility of MZ 2(s) in 0.20 M M(NO 3 ) 2 K sp = 2.0 x 10 -15

33. Calculate the solubility of M 2 Z 3(s) in 0.20 M M(NO 3 ) 3 K sp = 2.0 x 10 -16

34. AP CHM HW Read: Chapter 16 Problems: 18 Page: 463

35. CHM II HW Read: Chapter 20 Problems: 19 Page: 844

36. Drill: Calculate the solubility of CaCO 3 in water. K sp = 4.9 x 10 -15

37. Calculate the solubility of PbI 2(s) in 0.010 M NaI K sp = 3.2 x 10 -8

38. Aqueous NaI is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M AgNO 3(s) & 0.10 M CuNO 3 AgI K sp = 1.0 x 10 -16 CuI K sp = 5.1 x 10 -12

39. Aqueous KCl is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M AgNO 3 & 0.10 M Cu(NO 3 ) 2 AgCl K sp = 1.8 x 10 -10 Cu Cl 2 K sp = 5.1 x 10 -12

40. Test on Thursday or Friday

41. Drill: Calculate the solubility of PbS (s) K sp = 1.0 x 10 -28

42. Review

43. Calculate the solubility of PbCl 2(s) K sp = 1.6 x 10 -5

44. Calculate the solubility of Sc(OH) 3(s) K sp = 2.7 x 10 -31

45. Calculate the pH of Ca(OH) 2 in solution. K sp = 4.0 x 10 -6

46. Calculate the pH of LiCO 3 in soln K sp = 8.2 x 10 -4 K a1 = 4.4 x 10 -7 K a2 = 4.7 x 10 -11

47. Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) in 0.20 M NaI K sp = 1.5 x 10 -16

48. The solubility of MX 2(s) is 2.0 x 10 -5 M. Calculate its K sp

49. Aqueous MgCl 2 is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M KOH & 0.10 M K 2 SO 4 Mg(OH) 2 K sp = 6.0 x 10 -6 Mg SO 4 K sp = 5.6 x 10 -5

50. Drill: The solubility of YF 3 is 2.0 x 10 -8. Calculate the value of K sp.