2. The democratic ideal demands that govt must treat all persons alike Closest literal statement in the Constitution is the 14 th amendment’s Equal Protection Clause 5 th amendment’s Due Process Clause puts the same restrictions on the Federal Govt

4.  Segregation – separation of one group from another (2 types): 1.De jure segregation  By law, w/ legal sanction  Ex. Jim Crow laws 2.De facto segregation  In fact, no law requires it  Ex. housing patterns

5. Life in the South

6. Upheld the separate-but-equal doctrine (separate facilities for blacks & whites allowed, as long as the facilities were equal) Court ruled the law did not violate 14 th amendment’s Equal Protection Clause Constitutional basis for segregation & Jim Crow for the next 60 years

8.  Court held that segregation by race in schools is unconstitutional  Reversed the Plessy ruling in the field of public education  Directed States make “a prompt & reasonable start” to end segregation “with all deliberate speed” (?)