1. Impact of air traffic on the environment Lada Dúbravčíková

2. The main reasons of impact: Aviation emission Aviation noise Emergencies De-acing operations, manipulation with aviation fuels and other pollution of groundwater and soil

3. Aviation emission The combustion of fuel causes creation of huge amount of harmful substances, that are released to the upper atmosphere, where they influence the atmospheric negative reactions Harmful substances : »NO (nitrouse oxide) »NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) »SOx ( sulfur oxides) »Methan »Soot »contrails ( water vapour)

4. Emissions of greenhouse gases

5. Air pollution around the airport Taxiing, rolling, arrivals, departures Support traffic, busses, tracks

6. Noise pollution Negative impact on health and comfort of people as well as flora and fauna Engines Aerodynamic noise Aircraft systems (APU…) Public transport, tracks,…

7. Noise pollution

8. Reduction of noise Restriction on night flights Construction of noise barriers Noise reduction during approach and departure procedures Reduction flights over urbanised areas (military flights) Progress in construction of airplanes, engines, etc.

9. Emergencies Fuel damping Air crash (fuel leak, fire, toxical fumes)

10. Pollution of groundwater and soil Fuel storage and manipulation with fuel De-icing and anti-icing (glycol) Chemical treating of manoeuvring areas

11. Preventative measures Nonchemical methods for de-icing (wings infrared or electric heating ) Drainage of rainwater (Sewage treatment plant) Carefully constructed fuel depots Sewage treatment plant

12. Conclusion Reduce aviation impacts by programs of world organization like NASA or ICAO Limits and restrictions for airports and airlines (violation = big fines) Development of modern aviation technologies Travelling on shorter distances (less 1000 km) by trains :o)

13. Thank you for your attention Any question? :o)