1. Voluntary Migration

2. Question 2 2012 saw a significant increase in Germany’s population. This was not due to a sudden baby boom, but to the many immigrants moving to the country. Experts point out this could result in both benefits and problems. Referring to a named case study, analyse the impact of migration on either the donor country or the receiving country. 5 marks New Higher Specimen Exam Question

3. Case Study: Voluntary Migration Migration from Poland to Scotland

4. Poland is located in Europe’s Center Scotland

5. Population – 5,062,011 Area – 30,414 sq mls Poland Population – 38,500,696 Area – 120,726 sq mls

7. Scotland or Poland?

11. GlasgowKrakow GdanskEdinburgh

12. Warsaw, Poland’s capital is a bustling modern metropolis studded with tall buildings but also possessing many palaces and an Old Town. Edinburgh, Scotland’s capital is a bustling modern metropolis studded with tall buildings but also possessing many palaces and an Old Town.

14. 1999 - Poland joins NATO 2004 - Poland joins the European Union

15. Push FactorsPull Factors Referring to a named case study in developed country, explain the causes/reasons for the migration. (5 marks)

16. ‘Push’ Factors

17. Employment Section Higher unemployment in Poland, 11%

18. Lower wages Minimum monthly wage 1,276 zloty (zwote) About £350

19. Housing shortages, and poorer quality housing in some areas Warsaw

20. ‘Pull’ Factors

21. Bid to attract more Polish workers « Previous Next » View Gallery Published Date: 12 June 2006 TOM McCabe, the finance minister, will today launch a new guide aimed at attracting more Polish workers to Scotland. The guide, which will be distributed throughout Scotland and Poland and is also available online, provides information in Polish on employment, housing and training opportunities as well as highlighting leisure activities in Scotland. About 20,000 Poles have come to Scotland over the last two years as part of the Fresh Talent initiative to meet national skill shortages. Speaking in Warsaw, Mr McCabe will say: " Promoting Scotland in Poland and attracting people to come to Scotland is not enough. We must support individuals to integrate and settle into Scottish life once they arrive." ‘Fresh Talent Initiative’ 2004/05 and Polish Guide 2006 Published Date: 12 June 2006 TOM McCabe, the finance minister, will today launch a new guide aimed at attracting more Polish workers to Scotland. The guide, which will be distributed throughout Scotland and Poland and is also available online, provides information in Polish on employment, housing and training opportunities as well as highlighting leisure activities in Scotland. About 20,000 Poles have come to Scotland over the last two years as part of the Fresh Talent initiative to meet national skill shortages. Speaking in Warsaw, Mr McCabe will say: " Promoting Scotland in Poland and attracting people to come to Scotland is not enough. We must support individuals to integrate and settle into Scottish life once they arrive."

22. Job Fairs and Employment Agencies

23. Search for better job prospects Initially in Construction and Food Industries But now a wide range of careers … with better pay

24. Search for the ‘Bright Lights’ … entertainment, shopping, leisure, etc.

25. Join brothers or sisters, or other family members, already here

26. Migration Benefits and Problems for Poland Referring to a named case study, analyse the impact of migration on either the donor country or the receiving country.

27. Fewer working people left so unemployment levels drop

28. Less Pressure on existing resources including; Accommodation Schools Services

29. Surplus money can be sent home to families in Poland, helping to boost the economy

30. If migrants move back to Poland, new skills can be brought back, e.g. in construction, business and commerce, and health, helping to develop the country

31. Closer links established between Poland and Scotland Industrial Business Cultural Political

32. 2050 Male Female Poland’s population structure could change with fewer younger people, and fewer children being born … resulting in …

33. … fewer workers to help develop the economy

34. Fewer goods and services bought, resulting in less industrial production

35. and with less taxes from goods and workers the Government has less money to spend

36. … and taxes may have to rise

37. A large percentage of people who leave are young, skilled graduates University of Lodz

38. People in Poland worry that their traditional customs and values may be negatively affected

39. Polish Migration to Scotland Benefits Problems Referring to a named case study, analyse the impact of migration on either the donor country or the receiving country.

40. Daniel Kawczynski Conservative MP “Most Poles are extremely hard-working, law abiding, and make a tremendous contribution to this country”

41. Initially Polish migrants worked mainly in the construction and food industries, and in poorer paid jobs that few British workers would apply for.

42. However, through hard work and overtime …

43. Migrants spend money, boosting the economy, with the Government also gaining added tax and VAT revenues

44. Cultural benefits to Scotland – Edinburgh Polish Cultural Festival, March 2009 Music and Dance – ‘Krakowiacy’ folk group Art Food

45. Cultural benefits to Scotland – New shops and restaurants Glasgow, Hyndland Polish Delicatessen Perth, Polish Convenience store

46. Church attendances have increased, e.g. St Mary’s Cathedral, Edinburgh, has two Polish services every Sunday

47. Cheap flights between Scotland and Poland Rzeszow (Zheh-Shoof) Airport

48. Poles call for anti-hate crime action By Rosa Silverman, PA Friday, 9 January 2009 Daniel Kawczynski Poles in the UK are under attack. It's got to stop Friday, 25 April 2008 Polish migrants flee violent Britain Gun crime and racist attacks are driving many to return early to eastern Europe Mark Townsend The ObserverThe Observer, Sunday 7 October 2007 Recession in Scotland will last 'well into next year', expert predicts Apr 29 2009 Racial tension and fears can arise about an economic downturn and unemployment

49. People have different views

50. Are problems exaggerated?

51. 2012 saw a significant increase in Germany’s population. This was not due to a sudden baby boom, but to the many immigrants moving to the country. Experts point out this could result in both benefits and problems. Referring to a named case study, analyse the impact of migration on either the donor country or the receiving country. 5 marks New Higher Specimen Exam Question