1. How to form these verbal tenses (revision) How to use them together Examples and exercises

2. Past Simple Tense Regular Verbs: We add –ED to the verbs - walk → walked - try → tried - stop → stopped - love → loved Irregular Verbs: We use the form of the second column of your irregular verbs list. BUILD builtbuilt GOwentgone SWIMswamswum PUTputput

3. Past Simple Tense Affirmative Sentences - I / He walked in the park - I / He went to the park Negative Sentences - I / He didn’t walk in the park - I / He didn’t go to the park Interrogative Sentences - Did you / he walk in the park? - Did you / he go to the park? Short answers - Yes, I / he did (walk / go). - No, I / he didn’t (walk / go)

4. Past Continuous Tense We use the past tense of the verb “TO BE” (was / were) as an auxiliary verb We add the –ING form of the main verb. - PLAY→ PLAYING - SWIM → SWIMMING - WRITE → WRITING Both are necessary - We were playing … - They were swimming…

5. Past continuous Tense Affirmative Sentences - I was walking/ He was walking in the park - I was going / He was going to the park Negative Sentences - I wasn’t walking in the park - He wasn’t going to the park Interrogative Sentences - Were you walking in the park? - Was he going to the park? Short answers - Yes, I / he was (walk / go). - No, They weren’t (walk / go)

6. Past Simple and Continous Past SimplePast Continuous -We use it to refer to a past action finished in a specific time - Key Works: … ago, in 1492 (years), the other day, a long time ago, last month (time expressions), … - It is also used with frequency adverbs to refer to habits in the past. Examples: -Columbus discovered America in 1492. - I was born in 1990. - She was born 12 years ago. - She always played the piano when she was a girl. -A durative or an unfinished action in the past. - A durative action which is interrumpted by another action. -It describes the situation of an action. Examples: -I was going to the beach but I changed my mind. - While I was reading, someone phoned you. - She was walking in the sun and the birds were singing,…

7. Past Simple and Continuous Use of WHEN and WHILE RINGGGG, RINGGGGGGG! Describe the situation in English

8. When the phone RANG, he WAS PLAYING the piano. He WAS PLAYING the piano when the phone RANG. While he WAS PLAYING the piano, the phone RANG. The phone RANG while he WAS PLAYING the piano. Past Simple and Continuous Use of WHEN and WHILE

9. These two tenses can be combined in the following way: WHEN + PAST SIMPLE TENSE - When I woke up, the sun was shining - The sun was shining when I woke up. WHILE + PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE - While she was playing the piano, the doorbell rang - The doorbell rang while she was playing the piano. (Check “ONLINE RESOURCES” for extra activities)

10. Past Perfect Simple: form and use Affirmative Sentences - I / He had walked in the park before you CALLED Sarah. - I / He had given you the book when I CAME in. Negative Sentences - I / He hadn’t walked … - I / He hadn’t given … Interrogative Sentences - Had you / he walked …? - Had you / he given ? Short answers - Yes, I / he had (walk / give). - No, I / he hadn’t (walk / give)

11. TIME LINE TIME LINE FOR PAST TENSES Past Simple tense – Chronological order Past tense and continuous tense for the durative action Past Perfect – from the past to a former time (flashback)