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Published byTyler Bradford Modified over 9 years ago
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Do Now On the Maps: – Locate the Prime Meridian, Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Artic Circle, Antarctic Circle – Locate the Continents, Oceans, and Poles on each map Special Names on a Globe Hemispheres map
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Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Equator Artic Circle Antarctic Circle Prime Meridian
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Crash Course on the Solar System
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Basics you know!!! Space is filled with stars, stars create clusters called galaxies We live in Milky Way galaxy In the Milky Way there are planets and moons Moons orbit a planet The sun and its planets are called the solar system
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Rotation, Revolution, and Tilt Most of Earth’s energy comes from the sun (Solar Energy). There are three relationships b/w the Earth and Sun that control the amount of solar energy Rotation, Revolution, and Tilt
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Rotation Imagine the Earth on a stick – This is the Earth’s axis One complete spin is the rotation- takes 24 hours Rotates in a west to east direction – Sun rises in the east and sets in the west Creates day and night
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Revolution Goes around the Sun-takes 365 ¼ days Creates 1 year Leap Year- To account for the ¼ day every four years there is a February 29.
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Tilt The Earth is tilted on its axis Axis points toward the same spot in the sky North Pole points toward the North Star Tilt affects the amount of solar energy that different places receive during the year
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Solar Energy and Latitude Different places get different amounts of solar energy Places around the equator receive a lot of solar energy (that’s why it is warm there) – These places near the equator are called tropics Places around the North and South Poles receive very little solar energy (hence it’s cold) – These places near the poles are called polar regions Places between the tropics and polar regions are called the middle latitudes. Can be both warm and cold
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The amount of solar energy that a place gets relates to the angle at which the Sun’s rays strike Earth When North Pole points toward the sun, direct rays strike Northern Hemisphere, temperatures are warmer and days are longer When the North Pole points away from the Sun, the most direct rays strike the Southern Hemisphere, the S.H. is warmer and days are longer
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Seasons- Times of lesser and greater heat Summer- Sun’s energy is the strongest, days are longer Winter- Sun’s energy is weaker, days are shorter Spring and Fall- Sun’s energy is more evenly distributed, days and night are closer in length Lets see why this is true……….
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Solstices Happens twice a year Earth’s poles tilt toward or away from the Sun at their greatest angle December 21 and June 21
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Northern Hemisphere Fewest Daylight hours First day of winter North Pole constant darkness Southern Hemisphere Greatest Daylight hours First day of summer South Pole gets constant sunlight
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Equinoxes Happens twice a year Earth’s poles are not pointed toward or away from the Sun Direct rays of the Sun strike the equator Both hemispheres receive an equal amount of sunlight March 21 and September 22
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Northern Hemisphere Beginning of Spring Southern Hemisphere Beginning of Fall
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The Earth System Complex system where the parts of Earth interact with one another to form the whole Viewable as separate but interact constantly Divided into four major parts: – Atmosphere – Lithosphere – Hydrosphere – Biosphere
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Atmosphere: – Gases around Earth – Gravity holds atmosphere around planet – 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen – These gases sustain life on Earth and protect the planet from Sun’s radiation Lithosphere: – Solid crust of the planet – Rocks and Soils – Forms the continents, islands, and ocean floors
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Hydrosphere: – Earth’s water – 70% of the Earth’s surface – Liquid (oceans), solid (ice), and gas forms – Essential to all organisms Biosphere: – All life forms- plants and animals – Overlaps the other spheres Spheres are interconnected and each affects the other! – Example: the hydrosphere provides water for all organisms and the hydrosphere also breaks down the lithosphere (rocks and soils) when it rains.
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