1. Inclined Planes Label the direction of N and mg. mg θ N Use slide show mode (press F5) for animations.

2. Inclined Planes Mark the direction of acceleration a. mg θ N a

3. Inclined Planes Choose the coordinate system with x in the same or opposite direction of acceleration and y perpendicular to x. mg θ N a x y

4. Inclined Planes Now some trigonometry mg θ N a x y 90- θ θ

5. Inclined Planes mg mg sinθ θ θ mg cosθ N a x y Replace the force of gravity with its components.

6. Inclined Planes Use Newton’s second law for both the x and y directions mg mg sinθ θ θ mg cosθ N a x y The force and acceleration in the x-direction have a negative sign because they point in the negative x-direction.

7. Inclined Planes Why is the component of mg along the x-axis –mgsinθ Why is the component of mg along the y-axis –mgcosθ mg mg sinθ θ θ mg cosθ N a x y

8. Inclined Planes Why is the component of mg along the x-axis: –mgsinθ Why is the component of mg along the y-axis: –mgcosθ mg mg sinθ θ θ mg cosθ N a x y

9. Inclined Planes Why is the component of mg along the x-axis: –mgsinθ Why is the component of mg along the y-axis: –mgcosθ mg mg sinθ θ mg cosθ N a x y θ

10. Inclined Planes Why is the component of mg along the x-axis: –mgsinθ Why is the component of mg along the y-axis: –mgcosθ mg mg sinθ θ mg cosθ N a x y θ sinθ = cosθ = opposite hypotenuse adjacent hypotenuse