1. Introduction to Climate Social Studies 9

2. What is this? Why is it important? http://www.theweathernetwork.com/14-day-weather- trend/canada/new-brunswick/fredericton http://www.theweathernetwork.com/14-day-weather- trend/canada/new-brunswick/fredericton

3. Storm blamed on “loopy” jet stream DG Feb. 17 http://weather.gc.ca/jet_stream/index_e.html

4. What is weather? What is climate? Weather: the combination of events in the atmosphere and Climate: the overall accumulated weather in a certain location.

5. CLIMATE OR WEATHER? A frost last week destroyed the tomato crop. Fog makes driving hazardous every year about this time. Summers here are usually cooled by ocean breezes. We will encounter winds on our trek this evening.

6. Climate change? https://www.google.ca/search?q=Climate+change+Canada&safe=strict&rls=com. microsoft:en-US:IE- Address&rlz=1I7GPCK_enCA373&tbm=isch&imgil=4YbYM4LTI0OZJM%253A%253 Bvebeb36E- EjkRM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.davidsuzuki.org%25252Fblogs %25252Fclimate-blog%25252F2011%25252F01%25252Fcanada-climate- summary-shows-need-for- action%25252F&source=iu&pf=m&fir=4YbYM4LTI0OZJM%253A%252Cvebeb36E- EjkRM%252C_&usg=__EeCcg_yvEMlDlTDUffIfc1Xjib4%3D&biw=927&bih=591&ve d=0CF4Qyjc&ei=a5HjVJewGZekyAS04YKYAw#imgdii=_&imgrc=3oSSn74kLSDeHM %253A%3B9iLT8wyMp- yPsM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.aquarianonline.com%252Fwp- content%252Fuploads%252F2013%252F09%252FCanada-temperature- graph.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.aquarianonline.com%252Fclimate- change-means-weather-on-steroids%252F%3B393%3B300 https://www.google.ca/search?q=Climate+change+Canada&safe=strict&rls=com. microsoft:en-US:IE- Address&rlz=1I7GPCK_enCA373&tbm=isch&imgil=4YbYM4LTI0OZJM%253A%253 Bvebeb36E- EjkRM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.davidsuzuki.org%25252Fblogs %25252Fclimate-blog%25252F2011%25252F01%25252Fcanada-climate- summary-shows-need-for- action%25252F&source=iu&pf=m&fir=4YbYM4LTI0OZJM%253A%252Cvebeb36E- EjkRM%252C_&usg=__EeCcg_yvEMlDlTDUffIfc1Xjib4%3D&biw=927&bih=591&ve d=0CF4Qyjc&ei=a5HjVJewGZekyAS04YKYAw#imgdii=_&imgrc=3oSSn74kLSDeHM %253A%3B9iLT8wyMp- yPsM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.aquarianonline.com%252Fwp- content%252Fuploads%252F2013%252F09%252FCanada-temperature- graph.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.aquarianonline.com%252Fclimate- change-means-weather-on-steroids%252F%3B393%3B300

7. What is “it”? The atmosphere!

8. What do we look for? Two conditions of the atmosphere: 1.Water content 2.Temperature

9. ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE

10. 1. Latitude

11. 2. Air Masses Maritime Tropical: warm, moist air Maritime Polar: cold, moist air Continental Arctic: cold, dry air Continental Tropical: hot, dry air

12. See page 32

14. Why Do Air Masses Travel from West to East?

15. 3. Ocean Currents and Landforms influence the air masses that travel over them

16. See p. 33 Note the Gulf stream and the Labrador Current. Where do they meet?

17. 4. Clouds and Precipitation

18. Precipitation is “Any and all forms of water, either in liquid or solid state, that falls from the clouds and reaches the ground” (theweathernetwork.com)

19. How does it happen? Air cools - reaches its dew point Dew point: temperature at which condensation occurs. Water vapor condenses to form water droplets – beginning of cloud formation Particles inside cloud collide – increase in size Larger particles fall to earth

20. ICE STORM!!

21. Types of Precipitation Frontal Fig. 2.18 (one air mass moves another) Convectional Fig. 2.19 (vertical movement of air –up/down) Relief or Orographic Fig. 2.20 (moist air over a mountain)

22. 1. Latitude 2. Air Masses 3. Ocean Currents 4. Clouds and Precipitation Elements of Climate

23. More Elements Altitude Bodies of Water Mountain Barriers Read pages 34-35. For each element, explain: 1.What is it? 2.How does it affect climate? WE WILL SHARE OUR RESPONSES WHEN YOU’RE FINISHED!

24. Inquiry Paragraph Handout Sample Choose your favourite climate in the seasonal year in New Brunswick (winter, spring, summer, fall). Complete an inquiry paragraph convincing me that it is the best season! DUE: Friday