1. Immigration Industrialization undermines the idea that every American should be their own boss Prior Knowledge- Think- What do you feel American culture is based on? Do immigrants destroy Am culture? Objectives- students will understand the groups and reasons for the huge influx of immigration at the ends of the 1800’s Goal Questions 1) Identify the Old Immigrants and New Immigrants. Explain why one group was welcomed in the US and the other was not 2) Analyze how Mexican immigration at the turn of the century was different than today? 3) Evaluate if immigrants today have the same difficulties that immigrants a hundred years ago.

2. Immigration to the US (late 1800’s)- between 1870-1920, over 20 million people moved to the US Push Factors (Why would people want to leave their country? Pull Factors- What are the reasons people want to come to US

3. New vs. Old Immigrants Europe- source of 75% immigrants to the US Old Immigrants –Before 1890- most came from Northern and Western Europe (England, Germany, Ireland, Scandinavia) Why would these immigrants be acceptable to Americans? Light skinned, protestant, English speaking New Immigrants –1890-1910- most came from Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Russia, Poland) Why would these immigrants have a problem fitting into US? Darker skinned, Jewish or Catholic, diff. language

4. Other Immigrant groups- Chinese Asia- Chinese and Japanese, most all settled in California Why move to US? –-Gold rush, jobs (rail roads, farming, mining, domestic chores (cleaning), save money and move back to China –Difficulty- looked and sounded vastly different, became target of organized racism and violence in CA –Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882- banned immigration of Chinese to US

5. Mexicans Mexican-American War (1849) US took ½ of Mexico (CA,NV,UT,NM,AZ,+TX) –*Mexicans living in those states automatically became American –?Why do Mexicans seek to come to US? 1902 Reclamation Act- Gov. encouraged farming in CA and Southwest creating jobs for Mexicans –How is this different from Am.’s attitude toward Mex. imm. Today? Mexican Civil War 1910-1919- many left Mexico to escape death, starvation, and crime –*No limit on Mexican immigration (no illegal immigration from Mex.)

6. Entering the US ? What are some of the difficulties immigrants have entering and living in the US today? Difficult journey- most immigrants traveled by boats in the cargo hold (crowded, uncomfortable) Requirements to Enter US- need to pass a physical examination, reading/intelligence test, $25 Ellis Island (NY) and Angel Island (SF) entry point for most immigrants

7. Difficulties in US Ethnic Enclaves immigrants moved to neighborhoods where people spoke their language, had shared beliefs, Culture Shock- confusion and anxiety new immigrants felt after arriving in the US Nativism- movement by some Americans against immigrants from the “wrong countries”, feared these new people influencing America