1. The environmental challenge Barbara Young Chief Executive

2.  Pressures on the environment Discharges from sewage treatment works Air emissions from waste incineration and landfill Air emissions from major industry Energy use and CO 2 emissions Diffuse water pollution Resource use (including water) Waste

3.  State of the environment Urban air quality Critical loads of acidity and nitrogen River quality and otter populations State of soils and associated pollution Salmon and marine fisheries Farmland and woodland birds Climate change

4. Emissions to air 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Proportion of 1990 releases Agency regulatedOther sourcesRoad transport benzene1,3 butadiene Carbon monoxide leadNitrogen oxides VOCs 1 PM10Sulphur dioxide Greenhouse gases 3 dioxins 2 Bars are in 1990, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 order 1Agency regulated emissions expressed as carbon 2Emissions expressed as toxic equivalents 3Emissions expressed as carbon equivalents

5. Message??

6. Sewage treatment works discharges 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 199019921994199619982000 Year Load (thousand tonnes/year) Ammonia BOD Phosphate Suspended solids

7. Proposed improvements by the water industry 050010001500200025003000 Eutrophication European targets National targets Local International conservation National conservation River length (km) Water quality Water resources

8. Contaminated land

9. Jubilee River flood bypass channel near Maidenhead, Berkshire

10. Modern and alternative approaches to regulation

12. Conclusions

13. The environmental challenge Barbara Young Chief Executive